Total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae combined with calcium attenuate osteoporosis by reducing reactive oxygen species generation

Abstract

In the present study, the effects of total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae (TFRD) and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) on osteoporosis (OP) were assessed in a rat model of OP. For this purpose, 36 Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 3 months, were randomly divided into a group undergoing sham surgery (sham-operated group), model group (OP group), CaCO 3 group (OP + CaCO 3 group), TFRD group (OP + TFRD group), TFRD combined with CaCO 3 group (OP + TFRD + CaCO 3 group) and TFRD and CaCO 3 combined with N-acetyl cysteine group (OP + TFRD + CaCO 3 + NAC group). The rat model of OP was established by bilateral ovariectomy. The changes in bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume parameters and bone histopathology in the rats from each group were observed. The levels of serum reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and the levels of bone tissue runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (BGP), PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p-mTOR were measured in the rats of each group. The induction of OP was associated with a marked decrease in BMD, bone mineral content, bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness, and decreased serum levels of SOD and GSH-Px. Moreover, the expressions of RUNX2, OPG, BGP were downregulated and an upregulation of p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-mTOR were observed in osteoporotic rats. However, treatment with TFRD and CaCO 3 restored all the aforementioned parameters to almost normal values. Furthermore, the findings on histopathological evaluation were consistent with the biochemical observations. Taken together, the findings of the present study demonstrated that TFRD and CaCO 3 significantly increased the antioxidant capacity in rats with OP, increased BMD and reduced bone mineral loss, and may be useful for the prevention and treatment of OP.

Single-Molecule Real-Time and Illumina Sequencing to Analyze Transcriptional Regulation of Flavonoid Synthesis in Blueberry

“…Blueberries contain large amounts of diverse flavonoids, which reduce reactive oxygen species generation and they enhance the ability of plants to resist biological and non-biological stressors ( Cascaes Márcia et al, 2021 ; Mu et al, 2021 ). But there were very few studies on the molecular mechanisms of their synthesis or their metabolism.…”

Rhizoma drynariae total flavonoids combined with calcium carbonate ameliorates bone loss in experimentally induced Osteoporosis in rats via the regulation of Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway

“…Recent studies have corroborated that rhizoma drynariae could improve the level of calcium and phosphorus in blood, activate the osteoblast, and increase the bone mineral density of thighbone [ 16 , 17 ]. The previous study showed that RDTF combined with calcium could improve OP through relieving oxidative stress [ 23 ]. However, it is not clear whether the rhizoma drynariae total flavonoids (RDTF) combined with calcium can promote the bone formation.…”

The Risk of Developing Osteoporosis in Hemolytic Anemia—What Aggravates the Bone Loss?

“…This process is mediated by two types of cells dependent on each other for production and remodeling. Osteoclasts, derived from hematopoietic precursors, are responsible for bone resorption, whereas osteoblasts, originated from mesenchymal cells, are responsible for bone formation [3]. The imbalance in bone turnover, namely a relatively increased rate of bone absorption by osteoclast that exceeds the rate of bone formation by osteoblast, promotes loss of bone mass and incidence of osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal women [4].…”