Anti melanogenic effect of Croton roxburghii and Croton sublyratus leaves in α-MSH stimulated B16F10 cells

Abstract

Croton roxburghii and Croton sublyratus have been used as skin treatments in traditional medicine. The objective of the present study was to investigate the antimelanogenic effect of ethanol extracts of Croton roxburghii (CRE) and Croton sublyratus (CSE) leaves on cellular melanin content and cellular tyrosinase activity as mediated by the action of microthalmia transcription factor (MITF) and melanogenic enzymes. Croton roxburghii and Croton sublyratus leaves were extracted by petroleum ether, dichloromethane and absolute ethanol, sequentially. The ethanolic crude extracts were examined for antimelanogenic activity by their ability to decrease melanin content and cellular tyrosinase activity in alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells. In addition, the extracts were evaluated to determine a plausible mechanism of melanogenesis suppression through determining the activation of MITF transcription factor and melanogenic proteins (tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1 or TRP-1 and tyrosinase-related protein 2 or TRP-2) at the transcriptional and translation levels in α-MSH-induced B16F10 cells. Upon treatment with CRE and CSE, the cells showed significant decreases in melanin content and cellular tyrosinase activity. CRE and CSE also suppressed MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2 at the transcription and translation levels in α-MSH-stimulated melanin biosynthesis in B16F10 cells. Our finding shows that CRE and CSE inhibit melanin content and cellular tyrosinase activity through suppressing MITF and melanogenic enzymes. CRE and CSE may be useful to combine with skin whitening agents for cosmetic uses.

Acremonidin E produced by Penicillium sp. SNF123, a fungal endophyte of Panax ginseng, has antimelanogenic activities

“…There have also been reports of hepatic adenomas, renal adenomas, and leukemia associated with HQ use [ 16 , 31 ]. The use of HQ in cosmetics has been banned in Europe (since March 2000), as well as by the Food and Drug Administration in the United States [ 7 ]. Arbutin is chemically unstable and shares most of the side effects of HQ since it works as a prodrug of HQ [ 50 ].…”

In vitro screening of elastase, collagenase, hyaluronidase, and tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of 22 halophyte plant extracts for novel cosmeceuticals

“…Melanin, the black or brown pigment, is a major component of the skin, hair, and eye color which is synthesized by melanogenesis, a mechanism of the melanocyte. Melanin pigmentation mainly enhances the skin's protective barrier against various environmental factors especially the UV radiation and hormonal factors, like the cytokines (Asanka et al 2018;Chatatikun et al 2019;Tu and Tawata 2015). However, uncontrolled and overproduction of melanin may cause skin disorders, including freckles, melasma, age spots, senile lentigines, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation leading to flaw and premature aging appearance.…”

“…However, uncontrolled and overproduction of melanin may cause skin disorders, including freckles, melasma, age spots, senile lentigines, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation leading to flaw and premature aging appearance. Tyrosinase is a melanogenic enzyme that plays a crucial role as a rate-limiting step during melanin pigmentation (Chatatikun et al 2019). Therefore, the downregulation or inhibition of tyrosinase activity is a common approach that is recommended to deal with disorder pigmentation and used as a whitening agent in aesthetic purpose (Kang et al 2018).…”

Anti‐melanogenic effects of extracellular vesicles derived from plant leaves and stems in mouse melanoma cells and human healthy skin

“…Leaf extracts of Dendropanax morbifera have been shown to inhibit melanin production through direct effects on intracellular TYR activation and expression of enzymes involved in melanin biosynthesis [12]. Extracts of leaves from Croton sublyratus have been similarly shown to inhibit melanin content and cellular TYR activity through suppression of melanogenesis‐associated transcription factor (MITF) and melanogenic enzymes [13]. In addition, the leaves of Morus alba show inhibitory effects on TYR activity and melanin formation in melan‐a cells [14].…”