Anti-lipopolysaccharide antibody administration mitigates ruminal          lipopolysaccharide release and depression of ruminal pH during subacute ruminal acidosis          challenge in Holstein bull cattle

Mizuguchi, Hitoshi; Ikeda, Tomoki; Watanabe, Yumi; Kushibiki, Shiro; Ikuta, Kentaro; Kim, Yo-Han; Satō, Shigeru

doi:10.1292/jvms.21-0037

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…These observations are sufficient to diagnose SARA at 1-3 weeks postpartum, given that this condition is characterized by an extended period during which ruminal pH is below 5.6 (3) or below 5.8 (4). Furthermore, the higher total VFA and LPS concentrations, proportions of propionic and butyric acids, and a lower proportion of acetic acid during the postpartum period is consistent with the responses previously observed using high-grain diet challenge models (7,28,29).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Parturition and postpartum dietary change altered ruminal pH and the predicted functions of rumen bacterial communities but did not alter the bacterial composition in Holstein cows

et al. 2022

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We investigated the temporal dynamics of ruminal pH and the composition and predicted functions of the rumen bacterial community in Holstein cows during the periparturient period. Eight multiparous Holstein cows (body weight; 707.4 ± 29.9 kg, parity; 3.6 ± 0.6) were used for continuous reticulo-ruminal pH measurement, among which five were also used for bacterial community analysis. Rumen fluid samples were collected at 3 weeks before and 2 and 6 weeks after parturition, and blood samples were collected 3 weeks before and 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after parturition. After the parturition, reduction in the 1-h mean reticulo-ruminal pH was associated with a significant (P < 0.05) increase in total volatile fatty acid concentration. However, with the exception of a significant change in an unclassified genus of Prevotellaceae (P < 0.05), we detected no significant changes in the compositions of major bacterial phyla or genera or diversity indices during the periparturient period. On the basis of predicted functional analysis, we identified a total of 53 MetaCyc pathways (45 upregulated), 200 enzyme commissions (184 upregulated), and 714 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes orthologs (667 upregulated) at 6 weeks postpartum that were significantly (P < 0.05) different to those at 3 weeks prepartum. Among the 14 MetaCyc pathways (P < 0.05) in which pyruvate is an end product, PWY-3661 [log2-fold change (FC) = 5.49, false discovery rate (FDR) corrected P < 0.001] was the most highly upregulated pyruvate-producing pathway. In addition, P381-PWY [adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis II (aerobic); FC = 5.48, FDR corrected P < 0.001] was the second most upregulated adenosylcobalamin (Vitamin B12)-producing pathway. In contrast, PWY-2221 (FC = −4.54, FDR corrected P = 0.003), predominantly found in pectinolytic bacteria, was the most downregulated pathway. Our findings indicate that changes in rumen bacterial community structure are not strictly associated with transitions in parturition or diet; however, we did observe changes in reticulo-ruminal pH and the metabolic adaptation of predicted functional pathways. Consequently, predictive analysis of postpartum functional pathways may enable us to gain insights into the underlying functional adaptations of bacterial communities in Holstein cows during the periparturient period.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Parturition and postpartum dietary change altered ruminal pH and the predicted functions of rumen bacterial communities but did not alter the bacterial composition in Holstein cows

et al. 2022

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“…Calves at 3 weeks of age were housed in individual pens and randomly placed in a control or IgY group (8 females and 7 males per group) at the start of the experiment. The IgY group was fed Anti- E. coli LPS IgY (EW Nutrition Japan K.K., Gifu, Japan) produced for research use as described previously [ 16 ]. Each 1 g of Anti- E. coli LPS IgY binds 0.25 g of E. coli serotype O111:B4-derived LPS (Sigma-Aldrich Corp., St. Louis, MO, USA) in vitro [ 16 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IgY group was fed Anti- E. coli LPS IgY (EW Nutrition Japan K.K., Gifu, Japan) produced for research use as described previously [ 16 ]. Each 1 g of Anti- E. coli LPS IgY binds 0.25 g of E. coli serotype O111:B4-derived LPS (Sigma-Aldrich Corp., St. Louis, MO, USA) in vitro [ 16 ]. Anti- E. coli LPS IgY 2 g/day was added to the morning feed, pre-weaning whole milk and post-weaning starter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, there are no reports of feeding IgY to target gastrointestinal tract LPS and examining its effects on calves by assessing plasma acute phase proteins (APPs) and cytokine concentrations. Using a specific IgY against LPS of E. coli (Anti- E. coli LPS IgY) that binds to free LPS in the rumen fluid [ 16 ], this study aimed to determine the effects of feeding Anti- E. coli LPS IgY for 7 weeks during pre- and post-weaning periods on rumen fermentation, rumen LPS activity, and plasma metabolites and hormone concentrations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of anti-lipopolysaccharide of <i>Escherichia coli</i> antibody feeding for Holstein calves on ruminal lipopolysaccharide activity and plasma metabolites concentrations during pre- and post-weaning periods

Tan¹,

Nishimura²,

Umeda³

et al. 2023

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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This study was performed to examine the effects of anti- lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Escherichia coli chicken egg Yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) provided to calves for 7 weeks during the pre- and post-weaning periods on rumen LPS activity, plasma acute phase protein (APP) concentrations, and metabolic parameters. A total of 30 Holstein calves were randomly assigned to two groups of 15 each: an IgY group fed Anti- E. coli LPS IgY, and a control group fed whole egg powder as a placebo. The study was conducted on calves aged 3–10 weeks, weaned at 7 weeks. The ruminal LPS activity of the IgY group was approximately 60% lower than the control group at 10 weeks of age. Plasma APP and cytokine concentrations in the IgY group did not differ from those in the control group. The daily weight gain in the IgY group was significantly higher than the control group for the whole experimental period. Plasma albumin/globulin was lower ( P <0.05), and plasma aspartate transferase concentration was higher ( P <0.05) in the IgY group than in the control group during the experimental period. In conclusion, feeding Anti- E. coli LPS IgY for 7 weeks pre- and post-weaning remarkably reduced the rumen LPS activity and improved the daily weight gain. The impact of Anti- E. coli LPS IgY on LPS activities in the lower gastrointestinal tract, and elucidation as to the mechanism responsible for the improvement in daily weight gain require further investigation.

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“…The release of LPS from the gastrointestinal microbiota into the blood is one of the important factors for SARA to increase other metabolic and infectious diseases. Evidence showed that treatment with an anti-LPS antibody reduced the release of LPS and inhibited pH in the rumen in cows suffering from SARA [ 118 , 119 ]. These results indicate that anti-LPS antibodies may be used for the prevention and treatment of metabolic and infectious diseases related to rumen flora disturbance in dairy cows.…”

Section: Regulating the Rumen Microbiota To Prevent Sara And Related ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Rumen Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA)-Induced Inflammatory Diseases of Ruminants

Xiang

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common metabolic disease in ruminants. In the early stage of SARA, ruminants do not exhibit obvious clinical symptoms. However, SARA often leads to local inflammatory diseases such as laminitis, mastitis, endometritis and hepatitis. The mechanism by which SARA leads to inflammatory diseases is largely unknown. The gut microbiota is the totality of bacteria, viruses and fungi inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. Studies have found that the gut microbiota is not only crucial to gastrointestinal health but also involved in a variety of disease processes, including metabolic diseases, autoimmune diseases, tumors and inflammatory diseases. Studies have shown that intestinal bacteria and their metabolites can migrate to extraintestinal distal organs, such as the lung, liver and brain, through endogenous pathways, leading to related diseases. Combined with the literature, we believe that the dysbiosis of the rumen microbiota, the destruction of the rumen barrier and the dysbiosis of liver function in the pathogenesis of SARA lead to the entry of rumen bacteria and/or metabolites into the body through blood or lymphatic circulation and place the body in the “chronic low-grade” inflammatory state. Meanwhile, rumen bacteria and/or their metabolites can also migrate to the mammary gland, uterus and other organs, leading to the occurrence of related inflammatory diseases. The aim of this review is to describe the mechanism by which SARA causes inflammatory diseases to obtain a more comprehensive and profound understanding of SARA and its related inflammatory diseases. Meanwhile, it is also of great significance for the joint prevention and control of diseases.

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Anti-lipopolysaccharide antibody administration mitigates ruminal lipopolysaccharide release and depression of ruminal pH during subacute ruminal acidosis challenge in Holstein bull cattle

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Parturition and postpartum dietary change altered ruminal pH and the predicted functions of rumen bacterial communities but did not alter the bacterial composition in Holstein cows

Parturition and postpartum dietary change altered ruminal pH and the predicted functions of rumen bacterial communities but did not alter the bacterial composition in Holstein cows

Effect of anti-lipopolysaccharide of <i>Escherichia coli</i> antibody feeding for Holstein calves on ruminal lipopolysaccharide activity and plasma metabolites concentrations during pre- and post-weaning periods

The Role of Rumen Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA)-Induced Inflammatory Diseases of Ruminants

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