Anti-Inflammatory Therapies for Treatment of Inflammation-Related Preterm Brain Injury

Prasad, Jaya D.; Gunn, Katherine C.; Davidson, John B.; Galinsky, Robert; Graham, Scott E.; Berry, Mary J.; Gunn, Alistair J.; Dean, Justin M.

doi:10.3390/ijms22084008

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 298 publications

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“…These visual functions include motion processing, understanding spatial relations, and visuomotor control 51 . In addition to this dorsal stream vulnerability, preterm infants are at increased risk of cerebral white and gray matter damage due to infection and subsequent neuroinflammation 52 , which may affect any component of the visual pathway from the retina to the visual cortex.…”

Section: Development Of Central Visual Processing and Its Impairment ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visuopathy of prematurity: is retinopathy just the tip of the iceberg?

et al. 2021

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Research on retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) focuses mainly on the abnormal vascularization patterns that are directly visible for ophthalmologists. However, recent findings indicate that children born prematurely also exhibit changes in the retinal cellular architecture and along the dorsal visual stream, such as structural changes between and within cortical areas. Moreover, perinatal sustained systemic inflammation (SSI) is associated with an increased risk for ROP and the visual deficits that follow. In this paper, we propose that ROP might just be the tip of an iceberg we call visuopathy of prematurity (VOP). The VOP paradigm comprises abnormal vascularization of the retina, alterations in retinal cellular architecture, choroidal degeneration, and abnormalities in the visual pathway, including cortical areas. Furthermore, VOP itself might influence the developmental trajectories of cerebral structures and functions deemed responsible for visual processing, thereby explaining visual deficits among children born preterm.

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Section: Development Of Central Visual Processing and Its Impairment ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visuopathy of prematurity: is retinopathy just the tip of the iceberg?

et al. 2021

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“…The inflammatory response to infection, rather than the infection per se, is the crucial damaging event to the developing brain 19 . Thus, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria, is widely used to induce systemic and central inflammation 20 . For example, fetal sheep exposed to acute severe inflammation induced by high-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria, develop transient hypotension with biphasic changes in time domain measures of FHRV characterized by an initial increase followed by suppression of FHRV 21 , 22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal heart rate variability is a biomarker of rapid but not progressive exacerbation of inflammation in preterm fetal sheep

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Beacom

et al. 2022

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Perinatal infection/inflammation can trigger preterm birth and contribute to neurodevelopmental disability. There are currently no sensitive, specific methods to identify perinatal infection. We investigated the utility of time, frequency and non-linear measures of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (FHRV) to identify either progressive or more rapid inflammation. Chronically instrumented preterm fetal sheep were randomly assigned to one of three different 5d continuous i.v. infusions: 1) control (saline infusions; n = 10), 2) progressive lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 200 ng/kg over 24 h, doubled every 24 h for 5d, n = 8), or 3) acute-on-chronic LPS (100 ng/kg over 24 h then 250 ng/kg/24 h for 4d plus 1 μg boluses at 48, 72, and 96 h, n = 9). Both LPS protocols triggered transient increases in multiple measures of FHRV at the onset of infusions. No FHRV or physiological changes occurred from 12 h after starting progressive LPS infusions. LPS boluses during the acute-on-chronic protocol triggered transient hypotension, tachycardia and an initial increase in multiple time and frequency domain measures of FHRV, with an asymmetric FHR pattern of predominant decelerations. Following resolution of hypotension after the second and third LPS boluses, all frequencies of FHRV became suppressed. These data suggest that FHRV may be a useful biomarker of rapid but not progressive preterm infection/inflammation.

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“…On other hand, the effect of indomethacin, a non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX) that reduces the production of prostaglandins, promoting pain and inflammation [27,28], as was expected, was the most effective to prevent mouse ear edema. Nevertheless, the outcome of this study will serve as the basis for further investigations in order to isolate bioactive compounds from C. aconitifolius ethyl acetate extract and test its anti-inflammatory properties in order to obtain a compound with similar activity to the indomethacin drug.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) Ethyl Acetate Extract on Croton Oil-Induced Mouse Ear Edema

et al. 2021

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Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the development of medicinal plant-based therapies to diminish the ravages of the inflammatory process related to diseases and tissue damage. Most therapeutic effects of these traditional medicinal plants are owed to their phenolic and antioxidant properties. C. aconitifolius is a traditional medicinal plant in Mexico. Previous characterization reports have stated its high nutritional and antioxidant components. The present study aimed to better understand the biological activity of C. aconitifolius in inflammation response. We developed an ethyl acetate extract of this plant to evaluate its anti-inflammatory capacity and its flavonoid content. The topical anti-inflammatory effect of the ethyl acetate extract of C. aconitifolius was determined by the croton oil-induced mouse ear edema test, while flavonoid detection and concentration were determined by thin layer chromatography and the aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, respectively. Topical application of the extract showed significant inhibition of the induced-ear edema (23.52 and 49.41% for 25 and 50 mg/kg dose, respectively). The extract also exhibited the presence of flavonoids. The finding of the anti-inflammatory activity exerted by the C. aconitifolius and the identification of its active principles may suggest and support its use for inflammation treatment.

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Anti-Inflammatory Therapies for Treatment of Inflammation-Related Preterm Brain Injury

Cited by 15 publications

References 298 publications

Visuopathy of prematurity: is retinopathy just the tip of the iceberg?

Visuopathy of prematurity: is retinopathy just the tip of the iceberg?

Fetal heart rate variability is a biomarker of rapid but not progressive exacerbation of inflammation in preterm fetal sheep

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) Ethyl Acetate Extract on Croton Oil-Induced Mouse Ear Edema

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