Anti-inflammatory effects of the protein hydrolysate and peptide fractions isolated from Salvia hispanica L. seeds

Abstract

The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory effect of protein hydrolysate and peptide fractions from Salvia hispanica L. seeds. Protein isolate was obtained using defatted flour of mucilage-free seeds. Hydrolysis process was conducted by enzymatic digestion. The hydrolysate was fractionated using ultrafiltration membranes to obtain the peptide fractions (<1, 1-3, 3-5, 5-10, and >10 kDa). Protein derivatives were evaluated by in vitro activation of murine peritoneal macrophages. The antiinflammatory activity was determined as NO production, H 2 O 2 release and pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10) production. All the peptides exerted an antiinflammatory activity, but peptide fraction between 1-3 kDa showed the highest anti-inflammatory effect. This fraction was evaluated on in vivo murine models of TPA-induced ear edema and DNFB-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity, exhibiting inhibitory effects. Hence, the results demonstrated that protein derivatives from S. hispanica L. seeds have in vitro and in vivo antiinflammatory effects.

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Peptides From Ethanol-Soluble Hydrolysates of Sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) Cartilage

“…F3 reduced the production of IL-6, implying the relief of intracellular inflammation. Out of the instinct to protect the organism, the anti-inflammatory cytokines of IL-10 and TGF-β will be induced to block the uncontrollable inflammation (9,28,69). Here, F3 may act as a mitogen or polarizing agent to induce macrophages to transform from M1 to M2, increase the secretion of IL-10 and reduce the level of inflammation (Figure 5C).…”

“…It not only has a wide range of synthesis and distribution but also has a variety of mechanisms, playing an important role in inflammation and immunity (7). Many studies regarded NO as an important index of immune regulation and anti-inflammatory activity (3,(8)(9)(10)(11). Cytokines play an important role in the regulation of the immune response, inflammation and homeostasis (3,12).…”

“…Therefore, reversing the excessive production of IL-6 and TNFα is considered to be an effective method for the treatment of inflammatory diseases (15,16). As anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 can block the activity of Th17 cells and inhibit the inflammatory reaction by reducing the synthesis of proinflammatory factors (9,16). And TGF-β contributes to the tissue repair (17).…”

Ethanolic Extract of Salvia hispanica L. Regulates Blood Pressure by Modulating the Expression of Genes Involved in BP-Regulatory Pathways

“…The reaction was inactivated by adding 50 µL of HCl (2 N) and then filtered (Acrodisc; 45 μm, PALL, Port Washington, NY, USA). The HHL content was analyzed by HPLC using the conditions described by Eriz et al [ 12 ] and modified as per the method of Ortega [ 11 ]. Briefly, 20 µL of each sample was analyzed in an HPLC system (Thermo Scientific, Spectra System, Waltham, MA, USA), equipped with an ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) detector (Thermo Scientific, Spectra System, Waltham, MA, USA).…”

“…In addition, to possessing a high content of compounds that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition, such as antioxidants, and polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids [ 9 ]. Additionally, the presence of these potential bioactive compounds in S. hispanica seeds confers therapeutics properties such as anti-inflammatory effects [ 12 ], antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities [ 13 ], enhance cognitive performance, reduce the level of cholesterol and regulates bowel function [ 14 ]. As reported in several clinical studies, chia consumption has been related to antihypertensive effects, prevention of overweight/obesity, increase of plasma adiponectin, decrease of biochemical variables of metabolic syndrome, improvement in lipid profile and hyperglycemia values, all of them are associated parameters to cardiovascular disease.…”