Anti-inflammatory effects of ivy leaves dry extract: influence on transcriptional activity of NFκB

Abstract

EA 575 is an ivy leaves dry extract (DER 5-7.5:1, 30% ethanol) used against diseases of the lower respiratory tract associated with productive cough. EA 575 improves symptoms associated with chronic inflammatory bronchial conditions. Compared to its bronchospasmolytic and secretolytic properties, the anti-inflammatory effects of EA 575 are mostly untried. Therefore, we addressed the question of whether the anti-inflammatory effect of EA 575 is due to an impact on the NFκB pathway. NFκB nuclear translocation was visualized by immunofluorescence in J774.2 as well as HEK293 cells. In the latter, a luciferase-based reporter was used to monitor NFκB transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation of RelA and its inhibitor IκB was measured by Western blot analysis. Additionally, changes in the stability of NFκB:IκB complex were shown by protein fragment complementation. Decreased transcriptional activity of NFκB under treatment with EA 575 was also shown for a human monocytic as well as a human lung epithelial cell line. EA 575 is able to inhibit NFκB transcriptional activity by partially inhibiting its translocation to the nucleus after stimulation with TNFα. Furthermore, phosphorylation of IκBα is reduced while phosphorylation of RelA is enhanced after pre-incubation with EA 575, leading to an enhanced stability of NFκB:IκBα complex. EA 575 has an regulatory impact on the NFκB pathway, possibly by switching specificity of IKK from IκBα to RelA, resulting in enhanced stability of NFκB:IκBα complex and reduced RelA translocation into the nucleus.

Unveiling Potential Active Constituents and Pharmacological Mechanisms of Pudilanxiaoyan Oral Liquid for Anti-Coronavirus Pneumonia Using Network Pharmacology

“…Up to now, plenty of studies have suggested that the increase of IKKα/β expression could reduce the release of NF-κB, which can induce the transcription of different cytokines in the nucleus. 64 Previous experiments have also confirmed that the activation of the NF-кB signaling pathway is one of the important factors in the SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammatory storm 65 ; therefore, we inferred that inhibiting the activity of the NF-кB signaling pathway is a mechanism of PDL for COVID-19 treatment. But in this work, we also found that the top active ingredients of PDL had no significant effects on the expression of ERK1/2, Akt, and JNK, which were the top targets of PDL according to the results of network pharmacology analysis.…”

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“…На думку Janka Schulte Michels і співавт. [25], компоненти екстракту листя плюща звичайного підвищують стабільність комплексу фактора транскрипції NF-κB із його інгібуючим фактором IκBα, що перешкоджає ядерній транслокації фактора транскрипції NF-κB і, як наслідок, індукції транскрипції прозапальних генів. Компоненти екстракту листя плюща звичайного перешкоджають або гальмують продукцію TNF-α і IL-6.…”

The advantages of mucoactive phytopreparations for the treatment of bronchitis in children

“…Протизапальний ефект екстракту плюща доведений в експериментальних дослідженнях [23,25,29], а його виявлення пов'язують з наявні стю сапонінів, дубильних речовин, ефірних олій.…”