Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Essential Oils of Amomum aromaticum Fruits in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells

Abstract

Inflammation is a vital physiologic response of cellular injury, infection, or autoimmune activation. Overproduction of proinflammatory mediators may result in the chronic inflammation that leads to many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, and atherosclerosis. In this study, we assessed for the first time the anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oils of Amomum aromaticum fruits (AAE) in RAW264.7 murine macrophage model. As a result, AAE potently inhibited the production of nitric oxide in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells with the IC50 value of 0.45 ± 0.11 μg/ml. AAE also dose-dependently reduced the expression of two proinflammatory proteins iNOS and COX-2 in the stimulated cells. Phytochemical analysis revealed that major compositions of the volatile oils including 1,8 cineole (48.22%), geranial (9.24%), neral (6.72%), α-pinene (2.43%), and α-terpineol (2.28%) may contribute greatly to the inhibition effects due to their anti-inflammatory properties. The results suggest for the potential uses of AAE in chronic inflammation prevention.

Effects of Herbs and Derived Natural Products on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity: A Literature Review

“…The aqueous fruit pulp extract's inhibitory action on NO generation and iNOS gene expression make it an excellent anti-inflammatory treatment in situations when NO production is in excess [ 94 ]. Essential oils of Amomum aromaticum (0.1 μ g/ml to 100 μ g/ml) decreased NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 Cells ( In vitro ) by preventing expressions of COX-2 and iNOS [ 95 ].…”

Ethnomedicinal Use, Phytochemistry, and Other Potential Application of Aquatic and Semiaquatic Medicinal Plants

“…This aquatic medicinal plant belongs to the Zingiberaceae family ( Figure 1 ), distributed in Bhutan, North East India, and Nepal [ 57 ]. It is a common spice and food flavoring agent in Vietnam and other Asian countries [ 58 ]. Seeds of the plant exhibit medicinal value for controlling blood pressure.…”

The Important Role of Volatile Components From a Traditional Chinese Medicine Dayuan-Yin Against the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…DC. volatile oils Atractylone: caspase-1/NF-kB/MAPKs activations↓, reduce IL-1↓, IL-4↓, IL-5↓, IL-6↓, IL-13↓, COX-2↓, intercellular protein-2 expression↓ (Kim et al, 2016) Atractylone: RPMCs degranulation intracellular Ca2+ level ([Ca2+])↓, tryptase↓, histamine↓ p56lck tyrosine kinase activity↓; histidine decarboxylase activity and expression↓, tryptase and histamine releases↓in PMACI-induced HMC-1 cells; morphological alteration and flamentous actin formation in stem cell factor-stimulated RPMCs animal model (Han et al, 2016) Atractylone: NLRP3 inflammasome↓, TLR4 activation↓ (Tang et al, 2018) Hinesol: H + , K + -ATPase activity↓ (Kanako et al, 2000 (Dang et al, 2020) 1,8-cineole: IL-4↓, IL-5↓, IL-10↓, MCP-1↓, IL-1 beta↓, IL-6↓, TNF-alpha↓, IFN-gamma↓, NF-kB p65↓, ICAM-1↓; VCAM-1↓ in lung tissues of mice infected with influenza A virus. (Li et al, 2016) 1,8-cineole: mucin-filled goblet cells↓, MUC2↓, MUC19↓, NF-kappa B-activity↓ (Sudhoff et al, 2015) 1,8-cineole: IL-10↑, TNF-a↓, IL-1b↓, NF-kB's subunit p65↓ and TLR4↓ (Zhao et al, 2014) 1.8-cineole: LTB4↓ and PGE2↓in human blood monocytes ex vivo in the treatment of bronchial asthma.…”