Anti-Inflammatory Effects of 6,8-Diprenyl-7,4′-dihydroxyflavanone from Sophora tonkinensis on Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells

Abstract

Abstract:The anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanism of 6,8-diprenyl-7,4 -dihydroxyflavanone (DDF), one of the flavanones found in Sophora tonkinensis, were assessed in vitro through macrophage-mediated inflammation in the present study. The anti-inflammatory effects of DDF were not previously reported. DDF inhibited the production of nitric oxide and the expression of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6. Furthermore, the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages was suppressed by treatment with DDF. Therefore, DDF demonstrated potentially anti-inflammatory effects via the blockade of NF-κB and ERK activation in macrophages.

Chemical Constituents from Scindapsus officinalis (Roxb.) Schott. and Their Anti–Inflammatory Activities

“…The anti-inflammatory activity assay against NO production in RAW 264.7 mouse peritoneal macrophages was conducted mainly using the procedures described previously [ 18 ]. The macrophage Raw 264.7 cells were subjected to dexamethasone (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA, >98%) and isolated compounds ( 1 – 7 ) with six concentrations of 0.63, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10 and 20 μM and incubated for 2 h firstly, and then stimulated by adding lipoplysaccharide (LPS, 1.0 μg/mL).…”

Biological Activities and Secondary Metabolites from Sophora tonkinensis and Its Endophytic Fungi

“…Reported studies have shown the anti-inflammatory activities of S. tonkinensis ( Table 2 ) [ 45 , 75 ] . Some novel compounds, including 12,13-dehydrosophoridine ( 16 ) from S. tonkinensis , showed significant activity against inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages [ 23 ].…”

“…Some novel compounds, including 12,13-dehydrosophoridine ( 16 ) from S. tonkinensis , showed significant activity against inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages [ 23 ]. Moreover, 6,8-diprenyl-7,4’-dihydroxyflavanone (DDF) ( 1 19 ) inhibited the production of NO and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 [ 45 ]. Meanwhile, the compounds 2′-hydroxyglabrol ( 131 ), glabrol ( 121 ), maackiain ( 168 ), and bolusanthin IV ( 261 ) showed strong inhibitory effects on IL-6 [ 47 ].…”

Preparative Purification of Total Flavonoids from Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep. by Macroporous Resin Column Chromatography and Comparative Analysis of Flavonoid Profiles by HPLC-PAD

“…Phytochemical investigations have shown that S. tonkinensis is rich in flavonoids [3,4,5,6,7,8], quinolizidine alkaloids [9,10,11], and arylbenzofurans [12,13]. Recent pharmacological studies have indicated that the flavonoids from S. tonkinensis showed pretty good anti-inflammatory [14,15,16], neuroprotective [17], hypoglycemic [18], anti-tumor [8,10], anti-allergic [12], and antioxidant [13] activities. Unfortunately, the flavonoid extracts generally contain many kinds of impurities, such as terpenoids, polysaccharides, proteins, lignans, and so on, which seriously restrict the practical application of flavonoids.…”