Anti-inflammatory Effect of Silymarin on Ovarian Immunohistochemical Localization of TNF-<img width=23 height=20 src="http://fbpe/img/ijmorphol/v35n2/art54_simbolo.jpg" alt="http://fbpe/img/ijmorphol/v35n2/art54_simbolo.jpg"> Associated with Systemic Inflammation in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Abstract

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6, are prominent mediators of inflammation and have been confirmed to be elevated in at least a subgroup of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this study, the effects of Silymarin (SLM) on the expression TNF-α, IL-6, CRP and symptoms of PCOS were studied. In this research, PCOS was induced by injection of Estradiol Valerate. PCOS rats were divided into control and experimental groups received intraperitoneal injection SLM extract daily. After syndrome induction, ovaries were collected for histological and immunohistochemical evaluations. Serum IL-6 was detected by the ELISA kit. The results indicated the significant reduction in inflammatory markers and significant changes follicular layers thickness in the treatment group as compared with control. It can be concluded that having anti-inflammatory substances, Silymarin is effective in symptoms of this syndrome and metabolic syndrome.

The Role of medicinal herbs in treatment of insulin resistance in patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A literature review

“…In humans, green tea supplementation increases energy consumption, fat oxidation, and reduces weight up to 4.6% in obese subjects for 3 months. Green tea contains caffeine that increases metabolic rate even at small doses (such as 100 mg/day) [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

“…It is a strong inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-lightchain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kb) activation. It helps to eliminate free radicals in the body and prevents peroxidation of lipids by increasing cellular glutathione [37,38].…”

“…Silymarin has anti-angiogenesis effects which reduce proliferation of follicular cells, thereby reducing the production of testosterone, and increases in corpus luteum due to increasing progesterone hormone [37]. Silymarin lowers testosterone level but also acts as a hepatoprotective factor and can increase SHBG protein synthesis, and inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) and inflammation by reducing cysts [37,38]. Silymarin influences glucose 6-phosphatase and inhibits gluconeogenesis, reduces blood glucose level, and thereby decreases the symptoms of the PCOS.…”

“…Silymarin influences glucose 6-phosphatase and inhibits gluconeogenesis, reduces blood glucose level, and thereby decreases the symptoms of the PCOS. Reduction of oxidative stress is a beneficial effect in reducing blood glucose levels by silymarin, and silymarin reduces inflammation in the PCOS by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and lipoxygenase [37,38].…”

“…Different doses of silymarin had positive effects such as a decrease in estradiol, testosterone, and LH and a significant increase in FSH and progesterone hormones due to the appearance of corpus luteum cysts in the ovary. Silymarin reduced inflammation and collagen in the follicular sheath and eventually reduced the layer thickness [37,38].…”