Anti-inflammatory Effect of Propolis through Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production on Carrageenin-Induced Mouse Paw Edema

Abstract

The anti-inflammatory effect of propolis was compared with that of diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and L-N G -nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, using carrageenin-induced mouse paw edema. When administered 10 min prior to carrageenin injection, propolis (1 : 1000, 1 : 100, p.o.), diclofenac (12.5, 50 mg/kg, p.o.) and L-NAME (10, 100 mg/kg, s.c.) showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect. The anti-inflammatory effects of propolis and L-NAME were significantly inhibited by L-arginine, a precursor of nitric oxide, but not by D-arginine. In contrast, the anti-inflammatory effect produced by diclofenac was not inhibited by either D-arginine or L-arginine. These results indicate that the anti-inflammatory effect of propolis on mouse paw edema acts via the inhibition of nitric oxide production, similar to that of L-NAME but not diclofenac.

Ultrastructural view of colon anastomosis under propolis effect by transmission electron microscopy

“…At the molecular level of angiogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEFG) and nitric oxide (NO) are the two key factors that are relevant [30] . Tan-no et al reported the anti-inflammatory effect of propolis through inhibition of nitric oxide production [31] and also Attard et al reported the expression of both VEGF and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) significantly increased at the anastomotic site exposed to a hypoxic environment but the healing was not enhanced [32] . These two hypotheses above warrant further evaluation.…”

The use of ethnobotanicals in the management of inflammation in Nigeria: a review

“…Inflammation induction with carrageenan involves the activation of platelet activation factor and release of proinflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins, kinins, tumor necrosis factor and nitric oxide (Tan-No et al, 2006). Carrageenan induces inflammation in three distinct major phases namely: the first phase which involves the release of histamine and serotonin, release of kinins in the second phase and the activation of cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme and ultimate release of prostaglandins in the third phase (Agbaje et al, 2008).…”

Evaluation of Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory and CNS Depressant Potential of Dendrophthoe falcata (Linn.) Leaves Extracts in Experimental Mice Model

“…Anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was evaluated by carrageenan-induced paw edema model [22]. Swiss albino mice (25-30g) of both sexes were divided into fourteen groups of six animals in each.…”