Anti‐inflammatory effect of pimecrolimus in the sodium lauryl sulphate test

Engel, Katharina; Reuter, Juliane; Seiler, Christina M.; Mönting, Jürgen Schulte; Jakob, Thilo; Schempp, C. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2007.02477.x

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, it is one author's experience (L. M.) that short bursts of topical steroids are often worth an initial attempt to improve symptoms until avoidance strategies may be implemented. In addition, a few small studies suggest that topical calcineurin Seborrheic dermatitis Greasy or powdery scale in scalp, posterior auricular region, eyebrows, and nasolabial folds Johnson and Nunley (2000) Dermatophytosis Scaly plaques that may be in an annular configuration Increased scale or pustules at leading edge Erythematous scaly plaques in moccasin distribution on feet Two plantar surfaces involved and one palm involved (two foot, one hand presentation) Yellowing and thickening of nails White crumbling nail surface Hyphal elements seen on potassium hydroxide preparation Culture positive for dermatophyte Hyphae seen with PAS stain on biopsy Zuber and Baddam (2001) inhibitors may improve signs and symptoms of ICD (Engel et al, 2008;Mensing et al, 2008). For recalcitrant lesions, phototherapy or systemic immunosuppression with cyclosporine or azathioprine may be helpful (Cohen and Heidary, 2004 …”

Section: Treatment Of Irritant Contact Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 96%

Irritant Dermatitis

Maier

Maibach

O’Malley

2010

Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology

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Section: Treatment Of Irritant Contact Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 96%

Irritant Dermatitis

Maier

Maibach

O’Malley

2010

Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology

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“…The measurement was performed according to the guidelines of the European Society of Contact Dermatitis [18] . Additionally, photometric measurements of skin erythema were performed on the test areas with a Mexameter MX 16 (Courage & Khazaka Electronics) as described [19] . The test substances, each 50 l/test area, were applied under occlusion in a randomized manner on the volar sides of the forearms using extra large Finn test chambers of 12 mm inner diameter (Epitest Ltd. Oy, Tuusula, Finnland) on Scanpor fleece tape (Alpharma AS, Norway).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Tolerance of a New Bath Oil Containing St. John’s Wort Extract

Reuter¹,

Huyke²,

Scheuvens³

et al. 2008

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background: Dry and atopic skin requires skin care with lipid-rich emollients and moisturizing bath or shower oils. However, it has been shown recently that some bath oils may even impair the skin barrier. Objective: To investigate the skin-irritating potential of a new bath oil containing a lipophilic St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) extract. Methods: In this single-center, randomized, double-blind, prospective study, 3 bath oils together with positive and negative controls were applied under occlusion on test areas on the volar forearms of 18 volunteers (visit 1). After 24 h, the tapes were removed, and the test areas were evaluated by a visual score and the instrumental measurement of skin erythema and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) using a Mexameter and a Tewameter (visit 2). The test substances were applied a second time, and the measurements were performed after another 24 h (visit 3). Results: The positive control, 1% vol/vol sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), caused a significant increase in skin erythema and TEWL. In contrast, distilled water as a negative control did not influence these parameters. The new bath oil containing St. John’s wort extract and 1 of the other 2 commercial products were not different from the water control. The third bath oil displayed a skin-irritating effect similar to SLS. Conclusion: The results of this study confirm the different skin-irritating potential of bath oils and demonstrate good skin tolerance of the new bath oil containing St. John‘s wort extract.

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“…65 In an unpublished, double-blind, crossover study, 40 nondependent recreational drug users self-administered crushed doses of OXECTA and standard immediate release oxycodone intranasally.…”

Section: Sequestered Aversive Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Reduce the Tampering and Subsequent Abuse of Long-acting Opioids: Potential Risks and Benefits of Formulations With Physical or Pharmacologic Deterrents to Tampering

Stanos

Bruckenthal

Barkin

2012

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

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Increased prescribing of opioid analgesics for chronic noncancer pain may reflect acceptance that opioid benefits outweigh risks of adverse events for a broadening array of indications and patient populations; however, a parallel increase in the abuse, misuse, and diversion of prescription opioids has resulted. There is an urgent need to reduce opioid tampering and subsequent abuse without creating barriers to safe, effective analgesia. Similar to the "magic bullet" concept of antibiotic development (kill the bacteria without harming the patient), the idea behind reformulating opioid analgesics is to make them more difficult to tamper with and abuse by drug abusers but innocuous to the compliant patient. As antibiotics exploit differences in bacterial and human physiology, tamper-resistant formulations depend on differences in the way drug abusers and compliant patients consume opioids. Most opioid abusers tamper with tablets to facilitate oral, intranasal, or intravenous administration, whereas compliant patients usually take intact tablets. Pharmaceutical strategies to deter opioid abuse predominantly focus on tablet tampering, incorporating physical barriers (eg, crush resistance) or embedded chemicals that render tampered tablets inert, unusable, or noxious. Deterring tampering and abuse of intact tablets is more challenging. At present, only a few formulations with characteristics designed to oppose tampering for abuse have received approval by the US Food and Drug Administration, and none has been permitted to include claims of abuse deterrence or tamper resistance in their labeling. This review discusses the potential benefits, risks, and limitations associated with available tamper-resistant opioids and those in development. C hronic noncancer pain remains undertreated in the United States despite the availability of effective analgesics, with more than 10% of individuals aged 20 years and older reporting pain lasting more than 1 year. Opioids are standard therapy for postoperative and cancer pain and have gained greater acceptance for moderate to severe chronic noncancer pain in selected patients for whom the benefits of treatment have been determined to outweigh the risks.

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Anti‐inflammatory effect of pimecrolimus in the sodium lauryl sulphate test

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Irritant Dermatitis

Irritant Dermatitis

Skin Tolerance of a New Bath Oil Containing St. John’s Wort Extract

Strategies to Reduce the Tampering and Subsequent Abuse of Long-acting Opioids: Potential Risks and Benefits of Formulations With Physical or Pharmacologic Deterrents to Tampering

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