Anti‐inflammatory Effect of Obestatin and Ghrelin in Dextran Sulfate Sodium–Induced Colitis in Rats

Abstract

This study demonstrated the novel anti-inflammatory effect of obestatin and ghrelin in an experimental model of colitis. Although both obestatin and ghrelin exerted anti-inflammatory effects in chronic colitis, they were less effective in acute colitis.

Ghrelin Gene Products in Acute and Chronic Inflammation

“…In particular, in the acute state the administration of both peptides resulted in reduced lipid peroxidation and Th1 cells. In the chronic state, both ghrelin and obestatin decreased IL-1b, IFN-c, TNF-a, but ghrelin increased TGF-b without affecting IL-10, while obestatin increased colonic levels of IL-10 and TGF-b (Pamukcu et al 2013). Similar anti-inflammatory properties of ghrelin have been recorded in gut ischemia/ reperfusion models, which require an intact vagus to maintain the beneficial effects of the hormone (Wu et al 2009).…”

“…Ghrelin administration abrogates the intestinal inflammatory response and restores mucosal immune tolerance in a mouse model of colitis down-regulating Th1-driven autoimmune response (Gonzalez-Rey et al 2006). Both ghrelin and obestatin, although through different mechanisms, inhibit the inflammation and induce anti-inflammatory cytokines in a rat model of acute and chronic colitis caused by oral administration of dextran sulfate sodium (Pamukcu et al 2013). In particular, in the acute state the administration of both peptides resulted in reduced lipid peroxidation and Th1 cells.…”

Rikkunshito, a Kampo Medicine, Ameliorates Post-operative Ileus by Anti-inflammatory Action

“…Administration of ghrelin stimulates gastric motility, with increased gastric tone and emptying, and also increases activity of migration motor complexes in the small bowel (5 -7). On the other hand, 5-HT 3 receptor antagonists granisetron and tropisetron or ghrelin were reported to ameliorate inflammation of colitis (8,9). Taken together, RKT might have both prokinetic and anti-inflammatory action.…”

Ghrelin Improves Antioxidant Defense in Blood and Brain in Normobaric Hypoxia in Adult Male Rats

“…18 In addition, ghrelin has several antiinflammatory properties and decreases neuronal apoptosis. [19][20][21][22] Antioxidant properties of ghrelin have also been demonstrated in recent studies. [23][24][25] Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ghrelin on the blood levels of MDA and TAC and brain levels of MDA, SOD, GPx and CAT in the normobaric systemic hypoxia situation in rats.…”