Anti-inflammatory effect evaluation of naringenin and its incorporation into a chitosan-based film for transdermal delivery

Customizable Three-Dimensional Printed Earring Tap for Treating Affections Caused by Aesthetic Perforations

“…NAR also has favorable characteristics for thermal processes of pharmaceutical production (initial degradation temperature of 207 °C). Nevertheless, its low solubility in many polymers used in FDM 3DP can be a limiting factor [ 16 , 20 ]. Therefore, the study’s first phase used a mixture design approach to find the optimum polymer combination for NAR topical processing.…”

“…Finally, the remaining skin was perforated with the aid of a scissor. The adhesive tapes and the skin fragments were placed in individual glass containers with 5 mL of methanol and left for 24h under magnetic stirring for drug extraction [ 20 ]. The resulting aliquots were filtered with 0.45 μm, and the recovered NAR was quantified using the chromatographic method described in the section below.…”

“…The operating conditions of the method were as follows: 10 µL of injection volume; reversed-phase C18 column (LC Column, 300 × 3.9 mm, 10 μm); methanol/phosphoric acid 0.01 mol L −1 (65:35, v / v ) as the mobile phase; flow rate of 0.6 mL min −1 ; and temperature of 40 °C. The method was previously validated for NAR recovered from the skin [ 20 ].…”

Anti-Neuroinflammatory Potential of Natural Products in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

“…Naringin is a kind of citrus flavonoid with a variety of biological activities including significant anti-inflammatory activities [ 151 ]. Studies showed that naringin could inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and induce the expression of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) [ 152 ]. Additionally, naringin could inhibit the NF-κB and MAPK signal cascade in inflammation and, thus, prevent the release of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ) [ 153 ].…”