Anti-inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Effects of Quercetin in an Experimental Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Pharmacological Aspects of Natural Quercetin in Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…Furthermore, clinical trials of RA patients with different disease activity, larger sample size, gender difference, NF-κB 21 CIA model 150 mg•kg −1 •0.5 mL −1 three times a week orally administrated for 17 or 28 days; 23 0, 50, 100mg/kg/d orally administrated for 5 weeks; 24 150mg/kg daily orally administrated for 14 days 22 or 21 days; 25 30mg/kg daily orally administrated for 49 days 26 Mitigated paw edema, inflammatory cells infiltration, synovium hyperplasia, cartilage and bone erosion, decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2, and NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β) [22][23][24][25][26] SIRT1/PGC-1α/NRF1/ TFAM and HMGB1/TLR4/ p38/ERK1/2/NF-κB p65 24 AA model 150 mg/rat (30 mg every 2 days, orally administrated for 10 days) or 25, 50 mg/rat (5 or 10 mg every 2 days, intra-cutaneous injection following the appearance of first arthritic symptoms); 27 Reduced arthritis scores, paw thickness and inflammatory infiltration, increase paw thermal latency. [27][28][29][30][31][32] Increased IL-4 and IL-10, decreased TNF-α, NO, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, MPO, [27][28][29][30]32,33 decreased 12/15-LOX in liver and lung. 33 Decreased ADA enzyme activity and gene expression in sera and joints 28 GSK-3β, NF-κB and ERK 30,32,33 Human RAFLS 50 nmol/L; 37 0, 20, 100, 200μM 38 Decreased IL-1β stimulated COX-2 and PGE2, 38 decreased TNF-αinduced IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 36,37 MAPKs (ERK, p-38, JNK) 38 and NF-κB, 36,38 lncRNA XIST/miR-485/PSMB8 axis 37 Inhibition of oxidative stress Zymosaninduced arthritis mice 0, 10, 30, 100 mg/kg s.c. 30 min before z...…”

“… 42 Another study indicated that the levels of ALT and AST of methotrexate (MTX) treatment group were higher than control group, while QUE co-administered with MTX could reverse the hepatotoxicity. 31 …”

“…26 As well, in AA model, oral or intra-cutaneous QUE significantly decreased arthritis index score 27,28 and paw thickness, increased paw thermal latency, reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and decreased p-P65 level in histological analysis of joint tissue. [28][29][30][31][32] What's more, intra-cutaneous QUE simultaneously with adjuvant induced and prior to the appearance of clinical signs also resulted in reduction of clinical scores, suggesting the preventive property of QUE on RA. 27 However, another study indicated that, in AA rats treated with QUE group, the changes in arthritis score observed were not obvious compared to the AA group, which were, partly, in contradiction with the related experimental results observed in zymosan-induced arthritis, CIA and AA model.…”

“…42 Another study indicated that the levels of ALT and AST of methotrexate (MTX) treatment group were higher than control group, while QUE co-administered with MTX could reverse the hepatotoxicity. 31 Besides, in CFA-induced arthritis rats, the density of the enteric neurons and the enteric glial cells (EGC) in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses with neurodegeneration in the jejunum were remarkably decreased, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression reduced, the mucosa and intestinal wall atrophied, and intestinal inflammation presented, and QUE substantially reversed most of these effects except the intestinal atrophy of the jejunum. 58 The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and/or neuroprotective mechanisms might make contributions to the hepatoprotective, genoprotective and cytoprotective effect, and to the improvement of RA-induced arthritic neuropathy of QUE.…”

Indigenous Nigeria medicinal herbal remedies: A potential source for therapeutic against rheumatoid arthritis

“…235,237 There is no experimental and clinical evidence revealing the antiarthritic effect of the crude extract of the plant; however, some of the bioactive compounds found in the plant have antiarthritic activities. For instance, the antiarthritic effects of quercetin, [177][178][179] caffeic acid, 191 and chlorogenic acid 200,238 have been reported.…”