Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of cerium-containing mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles for drug-free biomedical applications

Abstract

Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNPs) are attracting significant attention as suitable materials for multifunctional biomedical applications. In this study, cerium was incorporated into MBGNPs using two different approaches. In the first approach, cerium was added to the glass system directly during the synthesis, while in the second approach, cerium was added to the as-synthesized MBGNPs via the template ion-exchange method. The influence of the method of synthesis on the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles was examined by SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, and N 2 adsorption-desorption analyses. The MBGNPs exhibited spheroidal morphology and disordered mesoporous structure. XRD analysis confirmed the amorphous nature of the nanoparticles. The chemical composition was determined by the acid digestion method using ICP-OES. The influence of the synthesis method on the specific surface area, mesoporosity, and solubility of synthesized nanoparticles in Tris/HCl (pH 7.4) and acetate (pH 4.5) buffer has also been studied. The obtained Ce containing MBGNPs were non-cytotoxic toward ​preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells in contact with nanoparticles in a concentration of up to 100 ​μg/mL. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ce containing MBGNPs was tested with lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced proinflammatory RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Ce containing MBGNPs decreased the release of nitric oxide, indicating the anti-inflammatory response of macrophage cells. Ce containing MBGNPs also showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli . The mentioned features of the obtained MBGNPs make them useful in a variety of biomedical applications, considering their biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory response, and enhanced antibacterial effect.

Zinc improves antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and cell motility activity of chitosan for wound healing applications

“…To determine the anti-inflammatory activity of chitosan-Zn complexes, RAW 264.7 cells were used, and the nitric oxide production assay was carried out, as described in literature [39] . The cells were treated with LPS to mimic the inflammation.…”

Mesoporous Materials as Elements of Modern Drug Delivery Systems for Anti-Inflammatory Agents: A Review of Recent Achievements

“…The most common mesoporous material used as a carrier in drug delivery systems (DDSs) is mesoporous silica and its more advanced forms such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanorods or bioactive glasses [ 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 ]. Other materials often used for this purpose are mesoporous carbon [ 157 ], mesoporous calcium silicate and mesoporous calcium sulfate [ 150 ].…”

“…The latter may occur in the form of carbon aerogels which is a special class of lightweight nanoporous materials with tunable porosity and chemical inertness [ 157 ]. Mesoporous silica is also the main component of so-called bioactive glass which is an extraordinary class of biomaterials suitable for numerous biomedical applications including wound healing, bone regeneration and cancer therapy [ 156 ]. Bioactive glass is composed of silica networks incorporating calcium and is characterized by its mesoporous structure.…”

“…Experiments revealed that human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) cultivated in ginsenoside-containing scaffold exhibited proliferative ability and higher expression of osteogenic-related proteins and could effectively inhibit inflammation. Very recently, mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles containing cerium element were synthesized by Boccaccini et alas anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial agents with potential to be used in inflammatory bone diseases and bone infections [ 156 ]. Mesoporous bioactive glasses focused the attention of many scientific groups as they found applications in many fields of biomedicine, e.g., as delivery carriers, bioactive fillers and injectable biomaterials.…”

“…It was demonstrated that cerium-incorporated mesoporous glass nanoparticles revealed strong anti-inflammatory activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Moreover, the antibacterial properties of the material against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were demonstrated [ 156 ].…”