ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT AND ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF KEBIUL (Caesalpinia bonduc L.) SEED COAT AGAINST INHIBITION OF PROTEIN DENATURATION

Abstract

Inflammation is a normal protective reaction against tissue damage caused by physical injury, harmful chemicals, and protein denaturation. Protein denaturation is a process in which proteins lose their tertiary structure and secondary structure due to foreign substances, external compounds, such as strong acids, strong bases, organic salts, organic solvents, and heating. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of the seed coat of Kebiul (Caesalpinia bonduc L.) by calculating the IC50 value of protein denaturation in the sample. The results of the phytochemical test of the ethanol extract of Kebiul seeds contained flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, and tannins, while the ethyl acetate fraction only contained tannins and alkaloids. The results of the anti-inflammatory test showed that the highest percent inhibition value of sodium diclofenac, ethanol extract, and ethyl acetate fraction, respectively, at a concentration of 20 ppm was 84.8%; 84.1%; and 50%. The IC50 values ​​of sodium diclofenac, ethanol extract, and ethyl acetate fraction were 5.4 μg/mL; 9.9 μg/mL; and 13.3 μg/mL, respectively. The three samples had percent inhibition values exceeding 20% which indicated that all three can be used as an anti-inflammatory. Keywords: anti-inflammatory, protein denaturation, Caesalpinia bonduc L.

In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bamboo Tali Leaf (Gigantochloa apus) Ethanol Extract

“…The approach of protein denaturation inhibition was chosen because it is nonacidic, inexpensive, and simple to use (Aditya at al., 2015). When BSA protein is heated, protein denaturation takes place (Fitriyani & Fatahillah, 2022). The protein's molecules travel quicker and sustain damage as a result of the rising temperature's increased kinetic energy (Shalihah at al., 2022).…”

“…The cell membrane will be harmed by protein denaturation, which will allow the phospholipase enzyme to convert phospholipids into arachidonic acid. Cyclooxygenase (COOX) enzymes will then break down arachidonic acid to create prostaglandins, which can activate pain receptors and increase capillary permeability (Fitriyani & Fatahillah, 2022). Secondary metabolites have the ability to limit the synthesis of prostaglandins.…”

“…Diclofenac sodium was chosen since it is one of the most effective anti-inflammatory medications (Novika at al., 2021). Diclofenac sodium is a heteroarylacetate salt of sodium (2,6-dichlorophene) (Fitri Yani & Reynaldi, 2021). Figure 2 depicts the structure of diclofenac sodium.…”