Anti-infective photodynamic biomaterials for the prevention of intraocular lens-associated infectious endophthalmitis

Novel semi-interpenetrating hydrogel networks with enhanced mechanical properties and thermoresponsive engineered drug delivery, designed as bioactive endotracheal tube biomaterials

“…Poly(HEMA) was prepared by free radical polymerisation, as previously described by the authors [1,27,28]. Briefly, the required masses of monomer, initiator (AIBN 1% w/w), metronidazole (1% w/w, as a model drug) and crosslinker (EGDMA, 1% w/w) were mixed by stirring, then injected between two glass plates separated by silicone tubing spacer and release liner and heated at 90°C for one hour.…”

Hydrogel-based phototherapy for fighting cancer and bacterial infection

“…meso-Tetrakis (1-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (TMPyP) and MB as positively charged PSs are commonly used in PACT due to their strong attraction with bacterial cells through electrostatic interaction [35][36][37]. Donnelly et al [35] used PVA-borate hydrogel as a novel drug delivery platform for in vivo use in PACT of wound infections.…”

“…Parsons et al [36] demonstrated a method for localizing the photocytotoxic effect of a PS at a biomaterial surface to prevent bacterial colonization by attaching a porphyrin PS. Anionic hydrogel copolymers can permanently bind to a cationic porphyrin derivative (TMPyP) through electrostatic interaction to form a thin surface layer.…”

“…For example, amine-functionalized biodegradable PAA nanogels were synthesized for cancer theranostics, including active Poloxamer 407 5-ALA Thermosetting gel Thermosetting gel for PS precursor delivery [32] PEGDA, PEG, PTA ZnPc Photopolymerisable hydrogel In situ gelation through photopolymerization for localized PDT [33] TiO2 and PEGDA TiO2 Photopolymerisable hydrogel Inorganic/organic hybrid hydrogel system [34] PVA and sodium tetraborate MB Macrogels PS-loading hydrogel for drug-resistant bacterial killing [35] HEMA and MAA TMPyP Macrogels Localizing the photocytotoxic effect of PSs at a biomaterial surface for PACT [36] PMVE and MA MB Macrogels Electrically-responsive anti-adherent hydrogels for PACT [37] HPMC and chitosan TBO Macrogels PS-loaded hydrogels for the treatment of biofilm [38] PAA MB derivatives Macrogels PS-loaded hydrogel was found to be active for four-cycle PACT [39] Figure 1 Synthetic route of the multifunctional polymeric nanomedicine. Reprinted with permission from Ref.…”

Photosensitisers – the progression from photodynamic therapy to anti-infective surfaces

“…A number of those published are related to work within the McCoy research group [20,146,147], whereby the photosensitiser is electrostatically localised at the surface of a polymer to prevent microbial adherence, with particular focus on ocular applications. Generated 1 O 2 from the immobilised photosensitiser prevents bacterial adherence to the surface of the material, therefore preventing colonisation and biofilm formation.…”