Anti-hyperlipidemic effects of the compound Danshen tablet: roles of antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anticoagulation, and anti-apoptosis

Abstract

Background: Hyperlipidemia could cause some serious harm to human health diseases, such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease. This study sought to investigate the effects of the compound Danshen tablet (CDT) on hyperlipidemia induced by a high-fat diet in ApoE −/− mice and related antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anticoagulation, and anti-apoptosis mechanisms.Methods: The control group (Group 1) comprised 15 male C57BL/6N mice, and the other 5 groups (Groups 2-6) comprised 75 male ApoE −/− mice. These 75 mice were randomly divided into 1 of the following 5 groups: Group 2, a model group; Groups 3-5, the CDT groups, each of which was administered 375, 750, or 1,500 mg/kg of CDT; and Group 6, an atorvastatin group, which was administered 5.2 mg/kg of atorvastatin. All the mice were fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks and intragastrically administered with CDT or atorvastatin once a day according to their body weight. After 16 weeks, serum was collected, the aorta was isolated, and blood lipid levels were detected. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the serum levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). The thickness of the aortic wall was measured by ultrasonography. Atherosclerotic plaque and endothelial cell apoptosis in the aortic root were evaluated using oil red O staining and terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assays, respectively.Results: A comparison of mice in the CDT group and mice in the model group showed that CDT significantly inhibited mice's weight gain. CDT reduced the levels of the inflammatory factor ICAM-1 and the oxidative damage molecule 4-HNE. In the coagulation system, CDT significantly increased tPA levels and reduced TXB2 and PAI-1 levels. Ultrasonography showed that CDT increased the thickness of the aortic wall. The oil red O staining results revealed that CDT significantly ameliorated lipid accumulation in the aortic valve. TUNEL assays indicated that CDT reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells in the aortic valve.Conclusions: CDT has a certain protective effect on hyperlipidemia. The mechanism of CDT may be related to antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anticoagulation, and anti-apoptosis.

Protective effe cts and potential mechanism of To ngxinluo on mouse with thromboangiitis obliterans

“…In the present experiment, CDT is a proprietary Chinese medicine formula consisting of panax ginseng, danshen and ice chips, which is mainly used in the treatment of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases [22] . In addition, CDT was found to have antithrombotic [23] and anti-inflammatory [24] properties, so it was used as a positive control in our study. In the observation of TXL for thrombosis, H&E staining visually revealed that TXL reduced the area of thrombus in the lumen of the femoral artery and attenuated the structural alteration of the vessel wall by sodium laurate.…”

Efficacy and safety of Shenkang injection in the treatment of chronic renal failure

“…Shenkang injection contains dahuang ( Radix et Rhizoma Rhei ), danshen ( Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiae ), honghua ( Flos Carthami ), and huangqi ( Radix Astragali ). Modern studies have found that dahuang ( Radix et Rhizoma Rhei ) can improve kidney function and improve pathological kidney damage, [ 23 ] reduce the LPS-induced inflammatory macrophage response, [ 24 ] reduce renal fibrosis and delay renal failure [ 25 ] ; huangqi ( Radix Astragali ) can protect glomerular mesangial cells and reduce proteinuria, [ 26 ] promote water and sodium excretion, and protect the kidney [ 27 ] ; danshen ( Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiae ) has anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antioxidant properties [ 28 ] and anti-anemia effect, [ 29 ] can effectively improve the microcirculation in CRF patients.…”

Exploring the Mechanism of Fufang Danshen Tablet against Atherosclerosis by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation

“…The atorvastatin tablet (Pfizer Pharmaceuticals LLC, Canonsburg, PA, USA) was dissolved in sterile saline and fully blended prior to use. The FDT group received intragastric administration at a dosage of 1.5 g/kg/day [60], while the atorvastatin group received intragastric administration at a dosage of 10 mg/kg/day. The control and model groups were administered an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline.…”