Anti-fatigue activity of polysaccharides extract from Radix Rehmanniae Preparata

Wang, Tan; Yu, Ke-qiang; Liu, Yanyan; Ouyang, Mingzi; Meihua, Yan; Luo, Ren; Zhao, Xiaoshan

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.09.019

Cited by 144 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[24][25][26] Saponins and polysaccharides isolated from natural products have anti-fatigue activity: saponins from Astragalus membranaceus and Panax ginseng and polysaccharides from Morinda officinalis and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata exhibit the anti-fatigue activities. 18,[27][28][29] Ginseng has been used for a long time in Asian countries to treat many disorders, including aging, fatigue, stress, tumor, and insomnia. 16,30) Its bioactive constituents are saponins, polysaccharides, and proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-fatigue Effects of 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol and 20(S)-Protopanaxatriol in Mice

Kim²,

Choi

et al. 2015

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. MEYER, Araliaceae), which contains protopanaxadiol-type and protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides, has been used for inflammation, fatigue, stress, and tumor in Asian countries. Orally administered ginsenosides are metabolized to their aglycones 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) and 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (PPT) by gut microbiota. However, their anti-fatigue effects have not been studied thoroughly. Therefore, we investigated the anti-fatigue activities of PPD and PPT in mice, using the weightloaded swimming (WLS) and the rota-rod tests. Ginseng water extract (GW), ginseng saponin fraction (GWS) and ginseng polysaccharide fraction (GWP) at concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/kg and PPD and PPT at 5 and 10 mg/kg were orally administered to mice once daily for 5 d. GW, GWS, and PPT significantly increased the WLS time, however, GWP and PPD did not cause any significant change. PPT induced the most significant increase in WLS time. PPD (10 mg/kg) and PPT (5 and 10 mg/kg) inhibited the WLS-induced increase in corticosterone, lactate, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatinine levels as well as the reduction in glucose level. PPT increased the riding time in the rota-rod test, and also inhibited corticosterone, lactate, and creatinine levels. These findings suggest that the anti-fatigue effect of ginseng may be attributable to its saponins, particularly PPT, rather than to its polysaccharides. Key words Panax ginseng; 20(S)-protopanaxadiol; 20(S)-protopanaxatriol; fatigueFatigue is described as the lack of energy and motivation to initiate and sustain voluntary physical and mental activities.1) Physical fatigue is the transient inability of a muscle to maintain physical performance and is made more severe by physical stress. Mental fatigue is a transient decrease in cognitive performance. Most cases of fatigue may be attributed to lifestyle factors such as alcohol abuse and excessive physical activity, medical conditions such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease, or psychological problems such as anxiety and stress. Therefore, natural products including ginseng have been studied with the aim of developing anti-fatigue drugs to improve athletic ability, delay fatigue, and enhance the elimination of fatigue in humans. [2][3][4][5][6] Ginseng (the root of Panax ginseng C.A. MEYER, Araliaceae) has been widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine for enhancing body strength, recovering physical balance, and stimulating metabolic function in Asian countries. It contains various active constituents such as ginsenosides, polysaccharides, polyacetylenes, phenolic compounds, and peptides. 7)Of constituents, ginsenosides have been reported to show biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue, anti-stress, and anti-tumor activities. [8][9][10][11][12] The ginsenosides are classified as protopanaxadiols or protopanaxatriols. Orally administered protopanaxadiol-type and protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides are metabolized to 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) via compound K and 20(S)-protopanax...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-fatigue Effects of 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol and 20(S)-Protopanaxatriol in Mice

Kim²,

Choi

et al. 2015

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…The length of the exhaustive swimming times indicated the degree of fatigue [11]. Effects of genistein on exhaustive swimming times of mice are shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Effects Of Genistein On Exhaustive Swimming Times Of Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-fatigue Effects of the Genistein Supplementation in Mice Subjected to Forced Swimming Test

Hu¹

2016

Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Biomedical and Biological Engineering

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Abstract. The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-fatigue effects of genistein in mice subjected to the forced swimming test. Mice were divided into four groups, i.e., one control group and three genistein treated groups. The treated groups were received doses of genistein (7, 15 and 30 mg/kg) dissolved in 1.0 mL of physiological saline, and the control group received same volume of physiological saline via oral gavage once a day. After 28 days, the mice were subjected to the forced swimming test, along with the determination of exhaustive swimming times and some biochemical parameters. The results showed that genistein could prolong exhaustive swimming time of mice, which was accompanied by decreases in blood lactic acid (BLA) and serum urea nitrogen (SUN) levels, increases in liver and muscle glycogen contents, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) levels in serum. This indicated that genistein had anti-fatigue effects.

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“…Therefore, intervention of CHM was required in clinic. TCM is widely used in conjunction with Western medicine for patients with pSS in many Asian countries (Yu et al, 2014;Luo et al, 2012). CHM is provided as an alternative approach for patients to alleviate symptoms, improve function of exocrine glands and reduce adverse effects of DMARs (Chang et al, 2015; Hu et al., 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…According to TCM theory, intervention with CHM in prescriptions aimed at tonification of Yin and Qi (Chang et al, 2015; Hu et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2013, Wang et al, 2010. Yin deficiency and Qi deficiency are the basal mechanisms of fatigue, and (Wu et al, 2013;Tan et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2007). Because of the percentage of compositions in each formula based on the symptoms of individual and dosage adjusted frequently, is hardly to be identified accurately active compounds purified from CHM (Seger et al, 2007, Kim et al, 2010, therefore, well-designed randomized controlled trials remain required ( Luo et al, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have demonstrated that polysaccharides extracted from RRP may be the active compounds responsible for the effect of anti-anxiety and anti-fatigue (Cui et al, 2013;Tan et al, 2012). Anti-fatigue activity of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata polysaccharides (RRPP) has been demonstrated by Wei Tan and colleagues with animals, that RRPP cannot only accelerate the elimination of fatigue but also improve athletic abilities (Tan et al, 2012). RRPP with effect on excessive exercise consumption, a physical fatigue, represents tonifying function of CHM.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fatigue in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome and intervention of traditional herbal medicine

Li¹,

Zhang²

2016

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

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Background: Fatigue is the main complaint exiting in patients with primary Sjögren's Syndrome (pSS) but rarely addressed.Patients described it as an uncontrollable symptom of lack of energy, which has negative impacts on health related quality of life. To date, many studies have demonstrated that cytokines, depression, sleep and endocrine disturbance interrelated with pSS-related fatigue. However, the pathogenesis remains unclear. With a long history, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as alternative therapy has become increasingly popular among patients with various kinds of disease, especially in pSS. Based on the unique principle of therapy, practitioners have achieved a satisfactory effect on relieving disease-related symptoms with Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM). Materials and Methods:In this article, we succinctly reviewed the highly correlated factors to pSS-related fatigue from the standpoint of western medicine. Then, from TCM perspective, we illustrated that theoretic mechanisms lead to fatigue in patients with pSS.Results: According to the theory of TCM, we concluded that CHM as complementary and alternative medicines are attractive options to alleviate pSS-related fatigue. Conclusion:In clinic, physicians should remember to inquire whether their patients are worn out easily. Combination of Yin-tonifying and Qi-tonifying CHM may be the optimal options to pSS-related fatigue. Key words：Sjögren's IntroductionFatigue is one of common symptoms in series of diseases, such as the various cancers (Stone et al., 2008), rheumatic diseases (Overman et al., 2015) and neurological diseases (Brola et al., 2007). Among patients with rheumatic diseases, including Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), scleroderma, fibromyalgia, and Sjögren's Syndrome etc., prevalence of fatigue has been reported about 65% (Overman et al., 2015), compared with about 20% to 30% of general population (Loge et al., 1998;van't et al., 2010].Approximately, it ranges from 60% to 70% of patients with pSS suffering from fatigue (Segal et al., 2008; Haldorsen et al., 2011 The basis of pathologies is attributed to lymphocytic infiltration leading to exocrine glands dysfunction, especially lachrymal and salivary glands, and severe systemic symptoms involvement.The main symptoms were showed persistent dryness of mouth and eyes, and extra-glandular symptoms such as arthritis, vasculitis, and pain etc. Previous studies indicated that fatigue was more common and serious in patients with pSS than healthy controls (Barendregt et al.1998;van Leeuwen et al., 2015; Godaert et al., 2002), but as a clinical outcome of pSS, it is often ignored (Chaudhuri et al., 2004;Dupond, 2011).Some investigators suggest fatigue in pSS is not same as normal notion of tiredness, it is accurately described as fluctuant and ever-present lack of vitality, beyond individual's own control (Mengshoel et al., 2014), reducing health-related quality of life and work ability (Segal et al., 2009;Westhoff et al., 2011). Some patients with pSS usually complained that "little interest or ...

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Anti-fatigue activity of polysaccharides extract from Radix Rehmanniae Preparata

Cited by 144 publications

References 16 publications

Anti-fatigue Effects of 20(<i>S</i>)-Protopanaxadiol and 20(<i>S</i>)-Protopanaxatriol in Mice

Anti-fatigue Effects of 20(<i>S</i>)-Protopanaxadiol and 20(<i>S</i>)-Protopanaxatriol in Mice

Anti-fatigue Effects of the Genistein Supplementation in Mice Subjected to Forced Swimming Test

Fatigue in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome and intervention of traditional herbal medicine

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