Anti-Diabetic Potential of the Leaves of Anisomeles malabarica in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Background/Aims: Diabetes mellitus is a pandemic metabolic disorder that is affecting a majority of populations in recent years. There is a requirement for new drugs that are safer and cheaper due to the side effects associated with the available medications. Methods: We investigated the anti-diabetic activity of leaves of Anisomeles malabarica following bioactivity guided fractionation. The different solvent (hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) extracts of A. malabarica leaves were used in acute treatment studies to evaluate and identify the active fraction. The ethyl acetate extract was subjected to further fractionation using silica gel column chromatography and the compounds were identified by LC-SRM/MS and GC-MS. Additional chronic treatment studies were carried out using this active fraction (AMAF) for 30 days in experimental diabetic rats. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma insulin levels and glucose tolerance were measured along with insulin resistance/sensitivity indicators (HOMA-IR, HOMA-β and QUICKI) to assess the beneficial effects of A. malabarica in the management of diabetes mellitus. Results: Among the different solvent extracts tested, ethyl acetate extract showed maximum (66%) anti-hyperglycemic activity. The hexane and ethyl acetate (1: 1) fraction that has maximum anti-diabetic activity was identified as active fraction of A. malabarica (AMAF). The FBG, HbA1c, plasma insulin levels and insulin sensitivity/resistance indicators such as glucose tolerance, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β and QUICKI were significantly improved to near normal in diabetic rats treated with AMAF. Further, we identified key flavonoids and fatty acids as the anti-diabetic active principles from the AMAF of A. malabarica leaves. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that Anisomeles malabarica has potential anti-diabetic activity in STZ induced diabetic rats.

Evidence of antidiabetic activity of Spirulina fusiformis against streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar albino rats

“…HbA1C levels were found to be significantly (P < 0.05) elevated in the diabetic rats. The administration of Spirulina fusiformis was able to reduce the elevated levels of HbA1C significantly (P < 0.05), thereby providing Studies have shown that several plant extracts and phytocompounds with significant antioxidant and antidiabetic potential are effective in reducing the HbA1C levels in diabetic rat models (Kamalakkannan and Prince 2006;Kotha et al 2017). Our finding regarding the effect of Spirulina fusiformis in maintaining glycemic control is well correlated with such similar studies.…”

S-allyl Cysteine and Taurine revert peripheral metabolic and lipid profile in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus animals: Combination vs Monotherapy

“…Oral administration of SAC and TAU decreased the HbA1c level and restore the insulin level in the treatment groups. Studies have suggested a strong relationship between HbA1c and diabetes (Alberti 1982;Parveen et al, 2013;Kotha et al, 2017). Administration of SAC and TAU restored these metabolic markers by virtue of their potent antioxidant property through inhibiting oxidative reactions consistent with previous findings (Elgawish et al, 1996;Haber et al, 2003;Harada et al, 2004;Nakaya et al, 2000).…”

Efficacy of a Methanolic Extract of Adansonia digitata Leaf in Alleviating Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Oxidative Stress of Diabetic Rats

“…Hence, a great deal of scientific research is focussing on developing new drugs based on natural or nature-identical compounds of herbal origin for the treatment of complicated diseases like diabetes [17, 18]. In the present study, diabetes mellitus was induced in laboratory animals (rats) by STZ to mimic the pathophysiology of the disease in humans [19]. This investigation was designed to investigate the efficacy of the leaf extract on STZ-induced hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress in the albino rats.…”