Efficacy of a Methanolic Extract of Adansonia digitata Leaf in Alleviating Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Oxidative Stress of Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Traditionally, in many countries, various parts of the Adansonia digitata (A. digitata) tree have been used in the treatment of many clinical ailments including diarrhea and dysentery. The phytochemical screening has indicated that the leaf extract of A. digitata contains flavonoids, saponins, mucilage, steroids, and alkaloids. Thus, this paper aims to evaluate the hyperglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects of methanolic extract of A. digitata leaves (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) in diabetic rats. The extract was administered orally for six weeks in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The treatment with the extract caused a significant reduction in the blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by 46.7%, 46.15%, 48.91%, 43%, 60%, 66%, 45.45%, and 30.4%, respectively, as compared to the diabetic group after the sixth week of treatment. The leaf extract also mitigated the decline of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level, RBCs count, hemoglobin level, packed cell volume (PCV %), and erythropoietin concentration in diabetic rats by 31%, 33.25%, 24.72%, 51.42%, and 220.68% with respect to the diabetic group. Also, the extract maintained the level of antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the diabetic rats. It also reduced the elevation in the white blood corpuscles (WBC) count in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Our study, therefore, indicates that methanolic extract of A. digitata leaf exerts strong antidiabetic and hypolipidaemic properties in a dose-dependent manner by improving the hematological properties and redox parameters in the experimental diabetic rats.

The Chemical Composition of Brazilian Green Propolis and Its Protective Effects on Mouse Aortic Endothelial Cells against Inflammatory Injury

“…In this study, LPS was used to stimulate MAECs, resulting in increased IL-6 and TNF-α expression. TNF-α and IL-6 are important inflammatory cytokines whose secretion can be stimulated by hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and other metabolic abnormalities [ 42 , 43 ]. IL-6 can promote the expression of adhesion molecules and other inflammatory mediators in vascular endothelial cells, and enhance the local inflammatory response, and it is an important inflammatory factor involved in tissue lesions [ 44 ].…”

Innovative application of helium-neon laser: enhancing the germination of Adansonia digitata and evaluating the hepatoprotective activities in mice

“…The antioxidant capacity of A. digitata fruit pulp methanol extract was proved also in rats with acetaminophen-induced acute hepatotoxicity (Hanafy et al 2016). Methanolic extract of A. digitata leaves maintained the level of antioxidant enzymes in diabetic rats (Ebaid et al 2019).…”

Effects of aqueous extract of fruit pulp of Adansonia digitata L. on the oxidative stress profile against Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in albino rats

“…The extract of fruit pulp of A. digitata was able to reduce the oxidative stress in the treated groups by increasing the catalase activity. Catalase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and molecular oxygen, and as a result, protects the body from oxidative abuses [44]. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species.…”

“…Various parts of the plant (e.g. leaf, bark, fruit pulp), have traditionally been used as immunestimulant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, insect repellent and pesticide [15]. A. digitata is being used in the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery in many African countries and has been confirmed as a substitute for imported western drugs [15,16].…”

“…leaf, bark, fruit pulp), have traditionally been used as immunestimulant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, insect repellent and pesticide [15]. A. digitata is being used in the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery in many African countries and has been confirmed as a substitute for imported western drugs [15,16]. The high natural content of vitamin C in Baobab fruit pulp is well-documented for its antioxidant capability [17], which may be used in the prevention of oxidative stress and the treatment of related disease conditions [18].…”