Anti-DHAV-1 reproduction and immuno-regulatory effects of a flavonoid prescription on duck virus hepatitis

Abstract

Context: The flavonoid prescription baicalin-linarin-icariin-notoginsenoside R1 (BLIN) has a curative effect on duck virus hepatitis (DVH) caused by duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1). However, the mechanism of this curative effect is not understood.Objective: This study investigates the mechanism of the curative effect of BLIN on DVH caused by DHAV-1. We analyzed the anti-DHAV-1 reproduction mechanism and immuno-regulatory effect of BLIN.Materials and methods: The anti-DHAV-1 reproduction effects of BLIN at 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 μg/mL in vitro, as well as the influence of BLIN at 20 μg/mL on DHAV-1 adsorption, replication and release were tested using the qRT-PCR method. The promotion abilities of BLIN at 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 μg/mL on T- and B-lymphocyte proliferation were investigated by the MTT method. IL-2 and IFN-γ levels and total anti-DHAV-1 antibody secretion after treatment with DHAV-1 for 4, 8 and 54 h were determined by ELISA.Results: BLIN showed a dose-dependent DHAV-1 reproduction inhibitory effect. The inhibitory effect was highest at 20 μg/mL, where DHAV-1 adsorption and release were significantly lower. Meanwhile, BLIN at 5 μg/mL significantly increased T and B lymphocyte proliferation. BLIN stimulated total anti-DHAV-1 antibody secretion in ducklings at the dosage of 4 mg per duckling, but did not stimulate IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion significantly.Conclusions: BLIN inhibits DHAV-1 reproduction by suppressing its adsorption and release. Additionally, BLIN promoted the duckling antiviral response.

The Potential and Action Mechanism of Polyphenols in the Treatment of Liver Diseases

“…Curcumin suppressed HBV via downregulation of the metabolic coactivator PGC-1 α , a starvation-induced protein that has been shown to robustly coactivate HBV transcription [ 98 ]. The flavonoid prescription baicalin-linarin-icariin-notoginsenoside R1 had curative effect on duck virus hepatitis caused by duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1), which could inhibit DHAV-1 reproduction by destroying its adsorption and release [ 99 ]. Quercetin significantly reduced the viral genome replication, the production of infectious HCV particles, and the specific infectivity of the newly produced viral particles [ 100 ].…”

Antiviral effect of baicalin on Marek’s disease virus in CEF cells

“…In recent years, the research on antiviral property of Traditional Chinese Medicine has attracted the attention of research groups worldwide due to its minimal side effect and low toxicity [ 14 ]. The baicalin as a flavonoid is the metabolite of baicalein and the evidence of its antiviral role against HSV-1, Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), Zika virus (ZIKV), Influenza A virus (IAV), Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1), and NDV has been reported [ 7 , 8 , 15 – 17 ]. In our previous study, we demonstrated that baicalin has an specific inhibitory effect on ALV-J infection by reducing the infectivity and affecting virus internalization [ 11 ].…”

Antiviral effect of baicalin on Marek’s disease virus in CEF cells

“…In recent years, the research on antiviral property of Traditional Chinese Medicine has attracted the attention of research groups worldwide due to its minimal side effect and low toxicity [11]. The baicalin as a avonoid is the metabolite of baicalein and the evidence of its antiviral role against HSV-1, HSV-2, ZIKV, IAV, DHAV-1, and NDV has been reported [4], [5], [6], [12], [13]. In our previous study, we demonstrated that baicalin has an speci c inhibitory effect on ALV-J infection by reducing the infectivity and affecting virus internalization [8].…”