Anti-cholesterol antibodies (ACHA) in patients with different atherosclerotic vascular diseases and healthy individuals. Characterization of human ACHA

Anti-cholesterol antibody levels in hereditary angioedema

“…According to Alving & Wassef [13], anti-cholesterol antibodies (ACHA) present in normal human plasma also contribute to LDL cholesterol turnover by opsonizing LDL for removal by complement receptors. Previously, we have measured ACHA levels in patients with various vascular disorders of atherosclerotic origin [14,15] to ascertain that our findings are at variance with the assumption of Alving et al [13]. As expected, ACHA levels were high in patients with coronary heart disease.…”

Relationship of Anti-60 kDa Heat Shock Protein and Anti-Cholesterol Antibodies to Cardiovascular Events

“…14 These antibodies are different from anti-phospholipid antibodies. 14 Recently we determined serum concentrations of IgG type ACHA by an ELISA in 600 patients with atherosclerotic vascular diseases. ACHA-IgG levels were lower in patients with peripheral occlusive atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke but considerably higher in CAD patients than in the age-matched controls.…”

“…The measurement of ACHA by a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was performed as described previously 14 …”

“…We found that the serum concentration of ACHA was significantly lower in patients with peripheral atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular disease but significantly higher in patients with CAD compared with age-matched healthy controls. 14 Because few studies have addressed the predictive value of high levels of anti-hsp antibodies for subsequent cardiovas-cular events and no prospective study has examined ACHA, we related the levels of these antibodies at study baseline to future clinical events in the prospective Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) study. The HOPE study was a double-blind, randomized trial, conducted to evaluate the effects of ramipril and vitamin E in 9541 patients at high risk for cardiovascular (CV) events.…”

Towards understanding the functional diversity of cell wall mycolic acids of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

“…It has been firmly established that humans generally have variable levels of IgM and IgG anticholesterol antibody activity in the circulation ( [133,134], thereby providing a possible explanation for the high binding activity to MA observed in TB negative patients. Alving and Wassef [135] proposed in 1999 that endotoxin, found ubiquitously in the environment, could act as a potent adjuvant for the induction of antibodies to cholesterol.…”