Anti-cardiolipin antibody and anti-cardiolipin beta-2-glycoprotein I antibody in patients with recurrent fetal miscarriage

Abstract

To elucidate the association between anticardiolipin antibody (aCL-Ab) or anti-cardiolipin beta-2-glycoprotein I-antibody (aCL-beta-2-GP I-Ab) and recurrent fetal miscarriage, the positive rates of aCL-Ab were assessed in 667 patients with recurrent fetal miscarriages and those of aCL-beta-2-GP I-Ab were assessed in 208 patients. The rates were then compared with the control group. The positive rate of aCL-Ab in the patients group (17.4%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (4.0%). The rate of aCL-Ab was especially high in patients who had experienced two or more fetal miscarriages including at least one or more intrauterine fetal deaths during the second or third trimester (41.3%). The positive rate of aCL-beta-2-GP I-Ab in patients with recurrent fetal miscarriage (3/208 cases, 1.4%) was not significantly different from the control group (0/100 cases, 0%). However, the rate of aCL-beta-2-GP I-Ab was significantly higher in patients who had experienced two or more fetal miscarriages including at least one or more intrauterine fetal deaths during the second or third trimester (8.3%) compared with the control group. In conclusion, the implication of aCL-Ab in the genesis of recurrent fetal miscarriage was confirmed. It was suggested that aCL-beta-2-GP I-Ab was associated with the generation of intrauterine fetal death, although it had little association with the genesis of recurrent fetal miscarriage during the first trimester.

Thrombophilias and recurrent pregnancy loss: a critical appraisal of the literature

“…Second, a relationship was found between antiphospholipid antibodies and second trimester losses among Japanese women in one study [38].…”

“…In contrast, Higashiro et al [38] reported a significant difference in the prevalence of ACL between cases and controls: 17.4% versus 4.0%. Furthermore, ACL was significantly more common in women with a history of second and third trimester losses.…”

Screening for thrombophilia in high-risk situations: systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis. The Thrombosis: Risk and Economic Assessment of Thrombophilia Screening (TREATS) study

“…58,61,62 The ORs for elevated anticardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulants were 3.40 and 2.97, respectively. [63][64][65][66][67][68][69] However, pooled data on lupus anticoagulants indicated significant heterogeneity (p = 0.04). Sensitivity analysis was performed.…”

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Thrombophilia

“…Several authors underlined the role of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in the pathophysiology of RPL [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. To confirm this point, actually adverse pregnancy outcome is considered as one of the diagnostic criteria of APS (Table 1) according to the guidelines of the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis and the American Rheumatology Association [49,50].…”