Anti-cancer effect of dung beetle glycosaminoglycans on melanoma

Ahn, Mi Young; Kim, Ban Ji; Kim, Ha Jeong; Jin, Jang Mi; Yoon, Hyung Joo; Hwang, Jae Sam; Park, Kun-Koo

doi:10.1186/s12885-018-5202-z

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Existing alternatives for animal-sourced GAG production are impeded by the requirement of complex cofactors, poorly active enzymes, poor expression and solubility in bacterial hosts, and difficulties in scale-up 21 . New biological roles of GAGs are still being uncovered and represent a potential paradigm change in their pharmacological applications 11 , 12 . Moreover, GAGs represent important co-receptors for pathogens in infectious diseases 42 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GAG activity and specificity are dependent upon their functional group pattern. Specific interactions of GAGs with important biomolecules bring about their physiological roles like anticancer 11 and anti-diabetic properties 12 . The potentials of such properties have created additional demands for the sustainable availability of pure, chemically defined GAGs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complete biosynthesis of a sulfated chondroitin in Escherichia coli

et al. 2021

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Sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a class of important biologics that are currently manufactured by extraction from animal tissues. Although such methods are unsustainable and prone to contamination, animal-free production methods have not emerged as competitive alternatives due to complexities in scale-up, requirement for multiple stages and cost of co-factors and purification. Here, we demonstrate the development of single microbial cell factories capable of complete, one-step biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate (CS), a type of GAG. We engineer E. coli to produce all three required components for CS production–chondroitin, sulfate donor and sulfotransferase. In this way, we achieve intracellular CS production of ~27 μg/g dry-cell-weight with about 96% of the disaccharides sulfated. We further explore four different factors that can affect the sulfation levels of this microbial product. Overall, this is a demonstration of simple, one-step microbial production of a sulfated GAG and marks an important step in the animal-free production of these molecules.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete biosynthesis of a sulfated chondroitin in Escherichia coli

et al. 2021

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“…A purified cricket glycosaminoglycan through DEAE Sephadex A-25 gel from 0.5 M NaCl fraction (GbG 0.5 M) was further purified to obtain a low molecular weight. Using a previously reported method [ 18 ], this GbG was denatured by boiling for 10 min. It was then incubated with 1000 U of peptide N-glycosidase F, PNGase F (New England biolabs, USA) to release N-glycan.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-diabetic activity of field cricket glycosaminoglycan by ameliorating oxidative stress

Ahn

Kim

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background: Field cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) is newly emerged as an edible insect in several countries. Antiinflammatory effect of glycosaminoglycan derived from this cricket on chronic disease animal model such as diabetic mouse has not been fully investigated yet. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the antioxidative effect of such glycosaminoglycan on diabetic mouse. Methods: To discover potential therapeutic agents, field cricket glycosaminoglycan (GbG) was tested in the present study. Its anti-oxidative activities in diabetic mice were determined based on its abilities to reduce glucose, ALT, AST, ALP, LDL-cholesterol and BUN levels. Dung beetle (C. molossus) glycosaminoglycan (CaG) was used as a positive control. Db mice were intraperitoneally administered for 1 month according to their group assignments: 1) normal (DB-Hetero); 2) control (DB-Homo); 3) 5 mg/kg treatment of CaG (CaG5); 4) 5 mg/kg treatment of GbG (GbG5); and 5) 10 mg/kg treatment of metformin (Metformin 10). Results: Blood glucose level decreased after 1st week of treatment with GbG. LDL-cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase levels were also inhibited by GbG. Markers of oxidative damage, such as protein carbonyl content and levels of hepatocellular biomarkers, were reduced in db mice treated with GbG. Especially anti-oxidative activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly increased in GbG treated group compared to those in the control (Db Homo). GbG was composed of heparin disaccharides. Its main N-glycan was identified as Hex 9 GlcNAc 2 (m/z 1905.7) with neutral mono-sugar mainly comprising of hexose and L (+) rhamnose by mass spectroscopy. Conclusions: Sero-biochemical and hepatocellular anti-oxidant assay results in db mice suggest that cricket (G. bimaculatus) glycosaminoglycan might possess anti-oxidative effect in diabetic state.

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“…TIMP2 plasma level decreases in both humans and mice with age [ 244 ]. The effect of the dung beetle glycosaminoglycan known as an anti-aging and anti-cancer substance was related to upregulation of TIMP2 and the glycosaminoglycan’s anti-inflammatory activity [ 246 ]. However, another study reports TIMP2 correlation with cancer progression [ 247 ].…”

Section: Age-associated Inflammatory Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Blood-Circulating Factors Unveil and Delay Your Biological Aging?

et al. 2020

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According to the World Health Organization, the population of over 60 will double in the next 30 years in the developed countries, which will enforce a further raise of the retirement age and increase the burden on the healthcare system. Therefore, there is an acute issue of maintaining health and prolonging active working longevity, as well as implementation of early monitoring and prevention of premature aging and age-related disorders to avoid early disability. Traditional indicators of biological age are not always informative and often require extensive and expensive analysis. The study of blood factors is a simple and easily accessible way to assess individual health and supplement the traditional indicators of a person’s biological age with new objective criteria. With age, the processes of growth and development, tissue regeneration and repair decline; they are gradually replaced by enhanced catabolism, inflammatory cell activity, and insulin resistance. The number of senescent cells supporting the inflammatory loop rises; cellular clearance by autophagy and mitophagy slows down, resulting in mitochondrial and cellular damage and dysfunction. Monitoring of circulated blood factors not only reflects these processes, but also allows suggesting medical intervention to prevent or decelerate the development of age-related diseases. We review the age-related blood factors discussed in recent publications, as well as approaches to slowing aging for healthy and active longevity.

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Anti-cancer effect of dung beetle glycosaminoglycans on melanoma

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Complete biosynthesis of a sulfated chondroitin in Escherichia coli

Complete biosynthesis of a sulfated chondroitin in Escherichia coli

Anti-diabetic activity of field cricket glycosaminoglycan by ameliorating oxidative stress

Can Blood-Circulating Factors Unveil and Delay Your Biological Aging?

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