Anti-Acne Effects of Cembrene Diterpenoids from the Cultured Soft Coral Sinularia flexibilis

Chen, Li Wei; Chung, Hsuan Lien; Wang, Ching Chiung; Su, Jui Hsin; Chen, Yu‐Ju; Lee, Chia-Jung

doi:10.3390/md18100487

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The strong antimicrobial activity of these essential oils might be due to synergistic effects of chemical constituent (both lipophilic and hydrophilic) present in the EOs, like β-caryophyllene [ 36 , 37 ], carvacrol [ 49 ], carvone [ 50 ], cembrene [ 51 ], eugenol [ 52 , 53 ], γ-terpinene, 1,8-cineole, α-terpinene [ 54 ], α-terpineol [ 55 ], α-Himachalene, α-Humulene [ 37 ], and (E)-Anethol [ 53 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The essential oils were more effective against the Gram-positive strain than the Gram negative; it might be due to the presence of more lipophilic constituents in the essential oils. The strong antimicrobial activity of these essential oils might be due to synergistic effects of chemical constituent (both lipophilic and hydrophilic) present in the EOs, like β-caryophyllene [36,37], carvacrol [49], carvone [50], cembrene [51], eugenol [52,53], γterpinene, 1,8-cineole, α-terpinene [54], α-terpineol [55], α-Himachalene, α-Humulene [37], and (E)-Anethol [53].…”

Section: Antibacterial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volatile Composition and Biological Activity of Jordanian Commercial Samples of R. coriaria L. Fruits

et al. 2021

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The present paper reports the GC-HS-SPME analysis of volatile emission and GC-MS analysis of chemical composition of essential oil of R. coriaria fruits of eight different samples of R. coriaria L. fruits (“sumac” folk name), collected from Jordanian agricultural field and the local market. The analyses show an important variability among the Sumac samples probably due to the origin, cultivation, harvesting period, drying, and conservation of the plant material. The main class of component present in all samples was monoterpenes (43.1 to 72.9%), except for one sample which evidenced a high percentage of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (38.5%). The oxygenated monoterpenes provided a contribution to total class of monoterpenes ranging from 10.1 to 24.3%. A few samples were rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons. Regarding the single components present in all the volatile emissions, β-caryophyllene was the main compound in most of the analyzed samples, varying from 34.6% to 7.9%. Only two samples were characterized by α-pinene as the main constituent (42.2 and 40.8% respectively). Essential oils were collected using hydro-distillation method. Furfural was the main constituent in almost all the analyzed EOs (4.9 to 48.1%), except in one of them, where β-caryophyllene was the most abundant one. β-caryophyllene ranged from 1.2 to 10.6%. Oxygenated monoterpenes like carvone and carvacrol ranged from 3.2–9.1% and 1.0–7.7% respectively. Cembrene was present in good amount in EO samples EO-2 to EO-8. The antioxidant capacities of the fruit essential oils from R. coriaria were assessed using spectrophotometry to measure free radical scavenger 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and inhibition of β-carotene bleaching (BCB). The essential oils from the fruits of the different samples of R. coriaria exhibited the MIC value ranging from 32.8 to 131.25 µg/mL against S. aureus ATCC 6538 and 131.25 to 262.5 µg/mL against E. coli ATCC 8739. The MIC values of ciprofloxacin were 0.59 and 2.34 µg/mL against S. aureus ATCC 6538 and E. coli ATCC 8739, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antibacterial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Composition and Biological Activity of Jordanian Commercial Samples of R. coriaria L. Fruits

et al. 2021

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“…C. acnes can induce the inflammatory response of macrophages or monocytes, leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines. According to previous studies, proinflammatory cytokines can promote the emergence of skin adhesion molecules and hypersensitivity response with the production of protease, hyaluronidase, and chemotactic factors [2].…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This condition decides about 85% of people, especially prevalent among young adolescents [1]. Acne is associated with the increase of sebum production by overactive oil glands, the hyperkeratinization by blocking skin pores, the successive release of skin inflammatory mediators and the bacterial colonization in the follicles leading to the carrying of commensal skin microorganisms [2]. Three main Gram-positive bacteria, Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes), Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, are involved in the bacterial colonization of the follicle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Acne Vulgaris Potential of the Ethanolic Extract of Mesua ferrea L. Flowers

et al. 2021

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Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. In the present study, we reported the anti-acne vulgaris effect of the Mesua ferrea (M. ferrea) flower extract. The extract was evaluated for three anti-acne-causing bacteria properties including Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The results indicated that the M. ferrea flower extract could be considered as the bactericidal agent against S. epidermidis and S. aureus with MIC values of 0.78 and 6.25 mg mL−1 and MBC values of 1.56 and 12.50 mg mL−1 and the bacteriostatic agent against C. acnes with MIC and MBC values of 3.12 and 25.00 mg mL−1, respectively. The extract at a concentration of 25 µg mL−1 also presented potent anti-inflammatory activity with a significant decrease of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α productions in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells stimulated by LPS. In addition, the extract showed moderate to weak anti-oxidative capacities against DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and NO assays and also showed weak anti-tyrosinase activity. M. ferrea flower extract may serve as the alternative natural anti-acne formulations.

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“…Studies have shown that Staphylococcus epidermidis dysbiosis can cause infection of hair follicle sebaceous glands, which can lead to acne [3]. In addition, abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes can block the hair follicle sebaceous glands and result in the formation of acne [4]. Therefore, most drugs to treat acne (salicylic acid, antibiotics, and anti-in ammatory drugs) are targeted to the above two important factors, S. epidermidis infection and abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes [3]; however, these drugs can cause a variety of side effects and long-term use of antibiotics may result in antibiotic resistance in acne-causing bacteria [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Acne-treatment Potential of Cinnamomum Camphora Chvar. Borneol Essential Oil in Vitro and in Vivo

Xiao

Xie

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Acne is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases, abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes can block the hair follicle sebaceous glands result in the formation of acne. Most drugs to treat acne can cause a variety of side effects, therefore, it is important to seek natural and safe complementary and alternative therapies.Methods: The inhibitory effects of BEO were determined on the proliferation of human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells induced by heat-inactivated Staphylococcus epidermidis and release of the inflammatory mediators. Further, a component-target-signal pathway for BEO’s effects on acne was constructed through network pharmacology and the mechanism of BEO action was studied in vivo through the rabbit ear acne model.Results: BEO inhibited both cell proliferation, induced by heat-inactivated Staphylococcus epidermidis (p < 0.0001), and release of the inflammatory mediators TNF-α (p < 0.0001) and IL-1β (p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner (r = -0.9952, -0.9492), in a HaCaT cell-model of acne. A network pharmacology analysis of the chemical components of BEO characterized these effects as multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway. All targets were mainly associated with metabolic pathways, the toll-like receptor signaling pathway and the NF-κB signaling pathway. BEO also reduced the severity of acne lesions, induced by intracutaneous injection of S. epidermidis in a rabbit ear acne model. The expression of inflammatory mediators and key signaling pathway components, including TLR2, AKT, P13K, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β in rabbit ear, and TNF-α and IL-1 β in serum, were down-regulated (p < 0.05), indicating that BEO acts by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory TLR2/PI3K-AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusion: The current results showed that BEO has clear potential for development into a natural and safe anti-inflammatory skin preparation, which is an effective alternative to conventional treatments containing antibiotics and synthetic anti-inflammatory agents.

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Anti-Acne Effects of Cembrene Diterpenoids from the Cultured Soft Coral Sinularia flexibilis

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Volatile Composition and Biological Activity of Jordanian Commercial Samples of R. coriaria L. Fruits

Volatile Composition and Biological Activity of Jordanian Commercial Samples of R. coriaria L. Fruits

Anti-Acne Vulgaris Potential of the Ethanolic Extract of Mesua ferrea L. Flowers

The Acne-treatment Potential of Cinnamomum Camphora Chvar. Borneol Essential Oil in Vitro and in Vivo

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