2020
DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2020.00076
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Anthropogenic Release and Distribution of Titanium Dioxide Particles in a River Downstream of a Nanomaterial Manufacturer Industrial Site

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Cited by 26 publications
(24 citation statements)
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“…However, in the case of CA1, SAN1, SK1, the product-released ENMs sizes were slightly different from the ENMs incorporated into the NEPs [41], especially for nAg, where the transformation occurred in terms of the change in particle size (increase and decrease). The physical properties of product-released ENMs are crucial in understanding the behaviour, fate and effects of nanopollutants in aquatic environments, where several studies have already reported their presence in real environmental samples [13,14,[73][74][75].…”
Section: Socks 1 (Sk1) Product-released Enmsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…However, in the case of CA1, SAN1, SK1, the product-released ENMs sizes were slightly different from the ENMs incorporated into the NEPs [41], especially for nAg, where the transformation occurred in terms of the change in particle size (increase and decrease). The physical properties of product-released ENMs are crucial in understanding the behaviour, fate and effects of nanopollutants in aquatic environments, where several studies have already reported their presence in real environmental samples [13,14,[73][74][75].…”
Section: Socks 1 (Sk1) Product-released Enmsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, environmental concentrations of ENMs in water systems differ from estimates from in silico studies [11][12][13][14][15]. For example, Ag and Ti' predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) are reported, respectively, as 0.7-16 µg/L [16][17][18][19], and 0.014-2.2 µg/L [18][19][20], while measured environmental concentrations (MECs) were quantified at 0.03-19.7 µg/L (Ag) [21][22][23], 0.67-150 µg/L (Ti) [12][13][14][24][25][26]. Continuous release of ENMs leads to concentrations of nanopollutants reaching levels that can be hazardous in water resources [27].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
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“…Fe is the most abundant element in brake linings [95], and the content may vary depending on the type of lining [12,96,97]. Titanium dioxide nanomaterials (TiO2 NMs), the second most-produced nanomaterial worldwide [98], has been focused because it is released from these consumer products during their use phase and end-of-life and local environmental accumulation near nanomaterial manufacturing sites [99]. However, the high variability and concentrations compared to background of major elements in on-road PM10 at specific sites may represent significant on-road emissions of Fe and Ti from anthropogenic activities in those areas.…”
Section: Concentrations Of Ptesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Studies investigating PR-ENMs in aquatic environments indicate that their presence in natural water environments can be predominantly linked to anthropogenic activities such as the release from nano-enabled sunscreens applied by swimmers or effluent discharges from ENMs and NEPs manufacturing industries [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. The environmental exposure of PR-ENMs and subsequent bioavailability to organisms raises concerns due to limited information on hazard exposure potential and the uncertainty related to their risk.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%