Anthraquinones and flavonoids of Cassia tora leaves ameliorate sodium selenite induced cataractogenesis in neonatal rats

Vasudevan, Sreelakshmi; Abraham, Annie

doi:10.1039/c5fo00905g

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…For HPLC analysis, an ethyl acetate fraction was prepared from HEP as previously described [23] and HPLC analysis was performed using a Prominence Shimadzu High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (Shimadzu) equipped with an injector with a 25 µL loop and a UV detector and a Kinetex C-18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm; Phenomenex). The compounds of pomegranate extract were separated at room temperature using a gradient elution program at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min.…”

Section: Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Pomegranate Leaf Extract in LPS-Induced Peritonitis

et al. 2016

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Folk medicine suggests that pomegranate (peels, seeds and leaves) has anti-inflammatory properties; however, the precise mechanisms by which this plant affects the inflammatory process remain unclear. Herein, we analyzed the anti-inflammatory properties of a hydroalcoholic extract prepared from pomegranate leaves using a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute peritonitis. Male Wistar rats were treated with either the hydroalcoholic extract, sodium diclofenac, or saline, and 1?h later received an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharides. Saline-injected animals (i.?p.) were used as controls. Animals were culled 4?h after peritonitis induction, and peritoneal lavage and peripheral blood samples were collected. Serum and peritoneal lavage levels of TNF-? as well as TNF-? mRNA expression in peritoneal lavage leukocytes were quantified. Total and differential leukocyte populations were analyzed in peritoneal lavage samples. Lipopolysaccharide-induced increases of both TNF-? mRNA and protein levels were diminished by treatment with either pomegranate leaf hydroalcoholic extract (57?% and 48?% mean reduction, respectively) or sodium diclofenac (41?% and 33?% reduction, respectively). Additionally, the numbers of peritoneal leukocytes, especially neutrophils, were markedly reduced in hydroalcoholic extract-treated rats with acute peritonitis. These results demonstrate that pomegranate leaf extract may be used as an anti-inflammatory drug which suppresses the levels of TNF-? in acute inflammation.

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Section: Hplc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Pomegranate Leaf Extract in LPS-Induced Peritonitis

et al. 2016

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“…Cassia tora leaves delayed the onset and progression of cataract formation in neonatal rats. In addition to preserving the antioxidant defense system, lens morphology and the expression of lens crystallins, Cassia tora attenuated lipid peroxidation, compared to selenite-only treated lenses [235,236].…”

Section: Plant-derived Compounds and Herbal Remediesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts

et al. 2020

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Cataracts, one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide, refers to lens degradation that is characterized by clouding, with consequent blurry vision. As life expectancies improve, the number of people affected with cataracts is predicted to increase worldwide, especially in low-income nations with limited access to surgery. Although cataract surgery is considered safe, it is associated with some complications such as retinal detachment, warranting a search for cheap, pharmacological alternatives to the management of this ocular disease. The lens is richly endowed with a complex system of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants which scavenge reactive oxygen species to preserve lens proteins. Depletion and/or failure in this primary antioxidant defense system contributes to the damage observed in lenticular molecules and their repair mechanisms, ultimately causing cataracts. Several attempts have been made to counteract experimentally induced cataract using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo techniques. The majority of the anti-cataract compounds tested, including plant extracts and naturally-occurring compounds, lies in their antioxidant and/or free radical scavenging and/or anti-inflammatory propensity. In addition to providing an overview of the pathophysiology of cataracts, this review focuses on the role of various categories of natural and synthetic compounds on experimentally-induced cataracts.

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“…A total of 238 target genes related to cataracts were identi ed from the OMIM (48), Malacard (8) and Genecard (232), after removing the duplicates. The PPI network (removing nodes without any connection) of these targets were constructed ( Fig.…”

Section: Cataracts Related Target Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cassiae semen (CS), the seed of Cassia obtusifolia L. or Cassia tora L. of the family Leguminosae, was initially recorded in the earliest book of Chinese materia medica "Shennong Bencao Jing" and described for treating dizziness and headache, improving vision, and nourishing the liver [7]. Modern pharmacological studies reported the therapeutic potential of Cassia tora leaves in preventing cataract [8,9]. It has been revealed that anthraquinone compounds, including obtusin, emodin, aloe-emodin, are the main bioactive components in CS [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Cassiae Semen a Cting on Cataracts Based on a Network Pharmacology Approach

Fang¹

2020

Preprint

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BackgroundCassiae Semen (CS) is one of the most well-known herbs used in the treatment of cataracts in China. However, the potential mechanisms of its anti-cataracts effects have not been fully explored.MethodThe active compounds of CS were obtained from TCMSP database, and their targets were retrieved from the TCMSP, STITCH and DrugBank databases. Cataracts related target genes were identified from the GeneCard, Malacard, and OMIM databases. GO and KEGG analysis were performed using DAVID online tools, and Cytoscape were used to construct compound-targets network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, cluster analysis were carried out using MCODE plugin for Cytoscape.ResultsWe obtained 13 active compounds from CS and 105 targets in total to construct a compound-target network, which indicated that emodin, stigmastero, and rhein served as the main ingredients in CS. A total of 238 cataracts related targets were identified from public databases. PPI networks of compound targets and cataract-related targets were constructed and merged to obtained the central network, enrichment analysis showed 50 key targets in the central network enriched in several important signaling pathways, such as thyroid hormone signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The top 4 genes with higher degree in the central network were TP53, HSP90, ESR1, EGFR, indicating their important roles in the treatment of cataracts.ConclusionsThe present study systematically revealed the multi-target mechanisms of CS on cataracts using network pharmacology approach, and provided indications for further mechanistic studies and also for the development of CS as a potential treatment for cataracts patients.

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Anthraquinones and flavonoids of Cassia tora leaves ameliorate sodium selenite induced cataractogenesis in neonatal rats

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Pomegranate Leaf Extract in LPS-Induced Peritonitis

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Pomegranate Leaf Extract in LPS-Induced Peritonitis

Current Trends in the Pharmacotherapy of Cataracts

Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Cassiae Semen a Cting on Cataracts Based on a Network Pharmacology Approach

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