Anthocyanins Potentially Contribute to Defense against Alzheimer’s Disease

Afzal, Muhammad; Redha, Amina; Al-Hasan, R. H.

doi:10.3390/molecules24234255

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…BACE-1 is a rate-limiting enzyme responsible for amyloid peptide production, thereby making it ideal for AD therapy [43]. Anthocyanins and anthocyanidins are able to cross the BBB, especially kuromanin, and are located in the brain regions contributing to cognitive functions [44,45]. Thus, the present data support that MNCM could be further developed as a potential natural product for AD prevention by targeting BACE-1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Mulberry Fruit Cultivar ‘Chiang Mai’ Prevents Beta-Amyloid Toxicity in PC12 Neuronal Cells and in a Drosophila Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2020

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by chronic neuron loss and cognitive problems. Aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides, a product of cleaved amyloid precursor protein (APP) by beta-secretase 1 (BACE-1), have been indicated for the progressive pathogenesis of AD. Currently, screening for anti-AD compounds in foodstuffs is increasing, with promising results. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the extraction conditions, phytochemical contents, and anti-AD properties, targeting Aβ peptides of Morus cf. nigra ‘Chiang Mai’ (MNCM) both in vitro and in vivo. Data showed that the aqueous extract of MNCM contained high amounts of cyanidin, keracyanin, and kuromanin as anthocyanidin and anthocyanins. The extract also strongly inhibited cholinesterases and BACE-1 in vitro. Moreover, MNCM extract prevented Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and promoted neurite outgrowth in neuronal cells. Interestingly, MNCM extract reduced Aβ1–42 peptides and improved locomotory coordination of Drosophila co-expressing human APP and BACE-1, specifically in the brain. These findings suggest that MNCM may be useful as an AD preventive agent by targeting Aβ formation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Mulberry Fruit Cultivar ‘Chiang Mai’ Prevents Beta-Amyloid Toxicity in PC12 Neuronal Cells and in a Drosophila Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2020

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“…Discrepancies in long-term neurological outcomes between these two nutritional styles could be, at least in part, explainable by the different amounts of flavonoids, a class of phenolic compounds widely distributed in plants. In particular, one of the major flavonoid subclasses, known as anthocyanins, which are responsible of the red, blue, and purple pigmentation of many vegetables and fruits, have earned significant attention in the context of neurodegenerative diseases [102]. After entering the brain tissue, anthocyanins tend to accumulate [103][104][105], with the potential of high local bioavailability for neuroprotective actions [105].…”

Section: Meddiet and Purple Plant-derived Anthocyanin Extracts For Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet Nutrients to Turn the Tide against Insulin Resistance and Related Diseases

et al. 2020

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Insulin resistance (IR), defined as an attenuated biological response to circulating insulin, is a fundamental defect in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and is also linked to a wide spectrum of pathological conditions, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cognitive impairment, endothelial dysfunction, chronic kidney disease (CKD), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and some endocrine tumors, including breast cancer. In obesity, the unbalanced production of pro- and anti-inflammatory adipocytokines can lead to the development of IR and its related metabolic complications, which are potentially reversible through weight-loss programs. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), characterized by high consumption of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), nuts, red wine, vegetables and other polyphenol-rich elements, has proved to be associated with greater improvement of IR in obese individuals, when compared to other nutritional interventions. Also, recent studies in either experimental animal models or in humans, have shown encouraging results for insulin-sensitizing nutritional supplements derived from MedDiet food sources in the modulation of pathognomonic traits of certain IR-related conditions, including polyunsaturated fatty acids from olive oil and seeds, anthocyanins from purple vegetables and fruits, resveratrol from grapes, and the EVOO-derived, oleacein. Although the pharmacological properties and clinical uses of these functional nutrients are still under investigation, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the metabolic benefits appear to be compound-specific and, in some cases, point to a role in gene expression through an involvement of the nuclear high-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) protein.

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“…Globally, anthocyanins and anthocyanins-rich foods are able to improve metabolic homeostasis. More recently, anthocyanins have also revealed promising effects on cognitive function [ 51 , 77 , 78 , 79 ].…”

Section: Anthocyaninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral

et al. 2020

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The prevention and treatment of obesity is primary based on the follow-up of a healthy lifestyle, which includes a healthy diet with an important presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. For many years, the health benefits of polyphenols have been attributed to their anti-oxidant capacity as free radical scavengers. More recently it has been described that polyphenols activate other cell-signaling pathways that are not related to ROS production but rather involved in metabolic regulation. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge in this field by focusing on the metabolic effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids are widely distributed in the plant kingdom where they are used for growing and defensing. They are structurally characterized by two benzene rings and a heterocyclic pyrone ring and based on the oxidation and saturation status of the heterocyclic ring flavonoids are grouped in seven different subclasses. The present work is focused on describing the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic impact of flavonoids in obesity and obesity-related diseases. We described the effects of each group of flavonoids in liver, white and brown adipose tissue and central nervous system and the metabolic and signaling pathways involved on them.

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Anthocyanins Potentially Contribute to Defense against Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 45 publications

References 106 publications

Mulberry Fruit Cultivar ‘Chiang Mai’ Prevents Beta-Amyloid Toxicity in PC12 Neuronal Cells and in a Drosophila Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Mulberry Fruit Cultivar ‘Chiang Mai’ Prevents Beta-Amyloid Toxicity in PC12 Neuronal Cells and in a Drosophila Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Mediterranean Diet Nutrients to Turn the Tide against Insulin Resistance and Related Diseases

Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral

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