Anthocyanins Are Efficiently Absorbed from the Stomach in Anesthetized Rats

Abstract

After consumption, anthocyanins are rapidly absorbed as glycosides. Their rapid appearance in plasma could result from absorption through the gastric wall. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fate of anthocyanins in the stomach. Absorption of purified anthocyanins (14 micromol/L) as well as blackberry 14 and 750 micromol/L) and bilberry (88 micromol/L) anthocyanins was compared after in situ gastric administration for 30 min. A high proportion (approximately 25%) of anthocyanin monoglycosides (glucoside or galactoside) was absorbed from the stomach, whereas absorption of cyanidin 3-rutinoside was lower. Bilberry anthocyanins were also efficiently absorbed, but absorption varied greatly (19-37%) according to the anthocyanin structure; delphinidin glycosides were the most absorbed. When a high concentration of blackberry anthocyanins (750 micromol/L) was injected into the gastric lumen, the percentage of cyanidin 3-glucoside (Cy 3-glc) absorption was lower than after administration of a low concentration (14 micromol/L). After administration of this high concentration, blackberry anthocyanins were observed in plasma from gastric vein and aorta, whereas neither aglycones nor metabolites were detected. Analysis of bile samples revealed that Cy 3-glc appeared in bile after as little as 20 min. Peonidin 3-glucoside (the methylated form of Cy 3-glc) as well as unknown anthocyanin metabolites were also observed in bile. Thus, this study demonstrated that anthocyanin glycosides were quickly and efficiently absorbed from the stomach and rapidly excreted into bile as intact and metabolized forms.

New Polyphenolic β‐Lactams with Antioxidant Activity

“…In view of a possible development of new compounds as drugs, it is quite important to test antioxidant activity at acidic pH value near to that of gastric fluids. There are, in fact, several evidences that the stomach acts as a bioreactor in which many drugs can interact [22]; moreover, recent in vivo studies demonstrated that polyphenols are promptly absorbed in the stomach [23]. TEAC Measurements are conducted at pH 7.4, the physiological pH of blood, for comparison with the antioxidant activity on cells.…”

Efecto vasodilatador mediado por óxido nítrico del extracto hidroalcohólico de Zea mays L. (maíz morado) en anillos aórticos de rata

“…Estos hallazgos se complementan bien con la buena tasa de absorción y biodisponibilidad tanto en ratas como en humanos, que tienen las antocianinas presentes en el Zea mays L (25)(26)(27) ; en especial la cianidina 3 glicósido, la cual, tras ser administrada por vía oral, es incorporada a la circulación manteniendo su estructura química intacta (27) . A pesar de ello, es necesario recalcar que los resultados obtenidos no pueden extrapolarse en su totalidad al ser humano o reemplazar la terapia medicamentosa actual de la hipertensión.…”

Dietary Anthocyanins: Impact on Colorectal Cancer and Mechanisms of Action

“…Previous in vivo studies have reported that anthocyanins are absorbed in the stomach and small intestine (Passamonti et al, 2003a;Talavera et al, 2003;Talavera et al, 2004). Felgines and colleagues administered an oral dose of a radiolabelled cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, demonstrating that the major site of absorption in mice is the intestine with a minimal accumulation of the radioactivity in tissues out of the gastrointestinal tract (Felgines et al, 2010).…”