Anterior Scleral Thickness in Myopic Eyes and Its Association with Ocular Parameters

Sung, Mi Sun; Ji, Yong Sok; Moon, Hyun Sik; Heo, Hwan; Park, Sang Woo

doi:10.1159/000512396

Cited by 15 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Our outcomes demonstrate that AST variations with scleral eccentricity occurred, which were significantly only over the temporal region. Several authors [17, 18, 25-27, 38] reported that scleral thickness decreased significantly from the SS region toward the scleral equator for all meridians. However, it could be reasonable to find a small disparity considering that the present study analyzes the AST without taking into account the diversity of refractive error (emmetropes, n = 30, SE range = +0.75 to −0.75 D, mild myopes, n = 16, SE range = −1.0 to −3.0 D and moderate myopes, n = 4, SE range = −3.0 to −6.0 D).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our results showed that gender and age were not factors associated with AST. However, controversial results can be found about their relationship with AST in the literature [18, 21, 25-27, 38, 44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AST has been studied by several authors to determine if factors, such as myopia [2, 17, 18], axial length (AL) [19, 20], central corneal thickness (CCT) [21], accommodation [22], convergence [23], and keratoconus [24], are related to scleral thickness. Other researchers focused on diurnal and aging scleral-thickness variations [25, 26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Link between Anterior Scleral Thickness, Corneal Biomechanical Response, and Ocular Parameters

Burguera-Giménez

Dı́ez-Ajenjo

Burguera³

et al. 2022

Ophthalmic Res

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Purpose: to assess anterior scleral thickness (AST) across diverse scleral meridians and to evaluate the relationship with corneal biomechanical response and several ocular parameters. Methods: This prospective non-randomized study comprised 50 eyes of 50 patients (mean age, 29.02 ± 9.48 years). Anterior scleral thickness was measured meridionally at three scleral locations (1, 2, and 3 mm posterior to the scleral spur) using swept-source optical coherence tomography. A multivariate model was created to associate AST with several ocular parameters. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce linearly the dimensionality of seven biomechanical input metrics to two significant components, C1 and C2. Two multivariate analyses were performed to associate C1 and C2 with AST and several ocular parameters. Results: AST was thickest in the inferior (581 ± 52 µm) and thinnest in the superior meridian (441 ± 42 µm) when compared to all meridians (p<0.001), and similar in the nasal (529 ± 53 µm) and temporal (511 ± 59 µm) meridians (p>0.05). The sclera exhibited the thinnest point 2 mm posterior to the scleral spur (p<0.001). The AST was significantly linked with axial length, central corneal thickness, and intraocular pressure (p<0.001). The PCA showed that C1 accounts for 53.84% whereas C2 for the 16.51% of the total variance in the original variables. The C1 model was significantly associated with AST along all meridians (p<0.001). The partial correlation was moderate in the nasal (r= -0.36, p<0.001) and inferior (r= -0.26, p=0.004) meridians whereas weak in the temporal (r= -0.14, p=0.05) and superior (r= -0.15, p=0.05) meridians. Conclusions: The relationship between the new biomechanical component and the AST provides the first evidence of the association of AST with the corneal response parameters which should be considered in corneal response interpretation. Tissue thickness varied significantly among meridians supporting the asymmetrical expansion of the ocular globe. The AST was associated with several ocular parameters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Link between Anterior Scleral Thickness, Corneal Biomechanical Response, and Ocular Parameters

Burguera-Giménez

Dı́ez-Ajenjo

Burguera³

et al. 2022

Ophthalmic Res

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“…On the other side, it has limited capability to expand whether we need more cells injected (Sharma et al, 1997). Whereas we did not use retrobulbar injection because it does not contribute in sclera-retina signaling loop and also potentially obstruct lymph circulation (Siegwart et al, 2002;Smith et al, 2009, Sung et al, 2020.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of CD 90 Expression after Intrasclera Limbal Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injection in Form Deprivation Myopia Animal Model

Rosati¹,

Suhendro²,

Deneska³

et al. 2022

IJRP

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Background: To investigate the capability of limbal mesenchymal stem cells (LMSCs) in increasing CD 90 expression as marker that become new fibroblast to potentially reduce myopia development in form deprivation myopia animal model. Method:This study using cultured LMSC from rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and isolated using modification of semienzimatic methods. 24 animal models were separated into three groups, consists of control group, form deprivation myopia group (FDM), and form deprivation myopia group with LMSCs injection (FDM+LMSCs). Myopia model was made by monocular occlusion for six weeks. LMSCs was injected intrasclera after fourth week of occlusion. Enucleation was performed in sixth week. CD 90 expression of posterior sclera were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The results between groups were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney with 95% confidence interval (p<0,05).Result: After four weeks of deprivation, all eyes became more myopic. LMSCs injection was done 2,5 mm posterior from limbus and two week-evaluation showed LMSCs had migrated on posterior region of the sclera. CD 90 expression showed significant differences between control and FDM+LMSCs group also FDM and FDM+LMSCs group (p<0,05). Conclusion:From the current study, we concluded that LMSCs potentially control the progression of myopia in form deprived eye animal model by raising CD 90 expression that lead to additional new scleral fibroblast cells.

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“…There are several studies on the topographic difference of the anterior sclera thickness according to the axial elongation that have shown various correlations, and the distribution of sclera thickness has also varied in previous studies [ 31 – 34 ]. In some previous studies, it was found that the superior [ 35 ] and inferior [ 34 ] sclera were significantly thinner as the degree of myopia increased, which means that the upper and lower sclera mainly stretched when the AL was elongated. For each meridian, there is a limitation in that the length is not measured between the actual scleral spurs and angle edges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of angle-to-angle and spur-to-spur using swept source optical coherence tomography in different refractive error

Yun

Min²,

Kim³

2022

PLoS ONE

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Purpose To measure angle-to-angle (ATA) and spur-to-spur (STS) distances along six meridians using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and compare with horizontal white-to-white (WTW) distance in different refractive error. Methods Overall, 126 eyes were assessed with the Anterion SS-OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). ATA and STS distances were obtained using SS-OCT at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 degrees. WTW was measured at 0 degree with built-in infrared camera. One way ANOVA test, pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multivariate regression analysis were used to compare ATA and STS distances with age, anterior chamber depth (ACD), axial length (AL), and simulated keratometric values (Sim K) in different refractive error groups. Results The mean MRSE refraction was +0.05 ± 0.23 D in the emmetropic group (41 eyes), -3.42 ± 3.04 D in the myopic group (44 eyes), and +1.33 ± 0.64 D in the hyperopic group (31 eyes). There was no statistical difference in the WTW of the emmetropic (11.62 ± 0.44 mm), myopic (11.79 ± 0.46 mm), and hyperopic groups (11.80 ± 0.49 mm) using one-way ANOVA (p = 0.007). ATA and STS were vertically oval in all groups. The correlation between ATA, STS and age, ACD, AL, and K values showed different significance for each meridian according to the refractive error. ATA increased as the horizontal WTW, ACD, and AL increased and Sim K decreased. STS shows relatively smaller explanatory power than ATA in the stepwise multivariate regression analysis. Conclusions This study is the first to analyze the relationship between ATA and STS compared to WTW by different refractive error. The difference between the horizontally oval WTW and vertically oval anterior chamber can be large, especially in myopia. ATA showed a greater positive correlation than STS with AL and ACD.

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Anterior Scleral Thickness in Myopic Eyes and Its Association with Ocular Parameters

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

The Link between Anterior Scleral Thickness, Corneal Biomechanical Response, and Ocular Parameters

The Link between Anterior Scleral Thickness, Corneal Biomechanical Response, and Ocular Parameters

The Effect of CD 90 Expression after Intrasclera Limbal Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injection in Form Deprivation Myopia Animal Model

Evaluation of angle-to-angle and spur-to-spur using swept source optical coherence tomography in different refractive error

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