Anterior Insula Volume and Guilt

Belden, Andy C.; Deanna, M; Oakberg, Timothy J.; April, Laura M.; Harms, Michael P.; Botteron, Kelly N.; Luby, Joan L.

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.1604

Cited by 39 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Moreover, high levels of maladaptive guilt explained why children with PO-MDD were more likely to be members of lower prosocial trajectories. This finding underscores the importance and specificity of maladaptive guilt experiences in preschool depression (Belden et al, 2015;Luby, Belden, Pautsch, Si, & Spitznagel, 2009;Luby, Belden, Sullivan, et al, 2009). Moreover, consistent with studies demonstrating that maladaptive guilt is associated with low levels of reparative behaviors in adults (e.g., Nencini & Meneghini, 2013), our finding provides the first evidence that maladaptive guilt also predicts reparative difficulty in children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Early socioemotional competence, psychopathology, and latent class profiles of reparative prosocial behaviors from preschool through early adolescence

2019

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Children who have difficulty using reparative behaviors following transgressions display a wide range of poorer social and emotional outcomes. Despite the importance of reparative skills, no study has charted the developmental trajectory of these behaviors or pinpointed predictors of poorer reparative abilities. To address these gaps in the literature, this study applied growth mixture modeling to parent reports of children's reparative behaviors (N = 230) in a 9-year longitudinal data set spanning from preschool to early adolescence. Three distinct trajectories of reparative behaviors were found: a low-stable, moderate-stable, and high-stable latent class. Poorer emotion understanding, social withdrawal, social rejection, and maladaptive guilt in the preschool period predicted membership in a low-stable reparative trajectory. Externalizing diagnoses, particularly conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder, also predicted membership in a low-stable reparative trajectory. Preschool-onset depression predicted membership in a low-stable reparative trajectory through high levels of maladaptive guilt. The findings from this study suggest that socioemotional deficits in the preschool period set children on longstanding trajectories of impaired reparative responding. Thus, emotion understanding, social functioning, maladaptive guilt, and early psychiatric symptoms should be targeted in early preventive interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Early socioemotional competence, psychopathology, and latent class profiles of reparative prosocial behaviors from preschool through early adolescence

2019

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“…Pathological guilt is defined as a very low threshold for experiencing guilt following a transgression and may manifest as preoccupied, delayed recovery from guilty feelings, even for situations where the child is not responsible 47 . This type of guilt occurring during the preschool years was found to be associated with smaller anterior insula volumes, a region known to be associated with guilt processing, measured at school-age, which were predictive of a recurrence of depression 52 . Irritability has been defined as a low frustration tolerance characterized by anger and temper outbursts.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Preschool Depressionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…There have been several studies that investigated neural correlates of currently depressed preschoolers 71,72 and in children/adolescents with a history of preschool depression 52,73–81 . For example, one study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine functional brain activity and its relationship to emotion regulation in n=23 currently depressed, 4–6 year old preschoolers and n=31 matched, healthy preschoolers 71 .…”

Section: Neurobiological Correlates Of Preschool Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and Anxiety in Preschoolers

Whalen

Sylvester

Luby

2017

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America

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100

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Synopsis This article reviews recent empirical literature on the prevalence, correlates, assessment, and treatment of preschool-onset internalizing disorders. Major advances in the acceptance and recognition of both preschool-onset depression and anxiety have occurred over the past decade. This work has been greatly enhanced by the discovery of genetic, neural, and physiological indicators, which further validate these constellations of symptoms in young children. Despite this growth in research, much work still needs to be done to further elucidate the etiology, risk treatment and protective factors for preschool-onset internalizing disorders.

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“…In addition, a functional study found increased hippocampal activity during processing of emotional facial expressions in adolescents suffering from depression who also carried the BDNF Met allele [ 87 ]. Other neural structures such as the insula may be involved in the link between maladaptive guilt and depression [ 88 ], but their anatomical and functional modulation by BDNF Val66Met and early trauma has not been studied. To date, neuroimaging genetics research shows that the BDNF Val66Met and early trauma interaction affects brain structure and function, and its influence on the hippocampus may be particularly relevant for long-term emotional vulnerability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shame and Guilt-Proneness in Adolescents: Gene-Environment Interactions

et al. 2015

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Rooted in people’s preoccupation with how they are perceived and evaluated, shame and guilt are self-conscious emotions that play adaptive roles in social behavior, but can also contribute to psychopathology when dysregulated. Shame and guilt-proneness develop during childhood and adolescence, and are influenced by genetic and environmental factors that are little known to date. This study investigated the effects of early traumatic events and functional polymorphisms in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene and the serotonin transporter gene promoter (5-HTTLPR) on shame and guilt in adolescents. A sample of N = 271 healthy adolescents between 14 and 17 years of age filled in measures of early traumatic events and proneness to shame and guilt, and were genotyped for the BDNF Val66Met and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms. Results of moderator analyses indicated that trauma intensity was positively associated with guilt-proneness only in carriers of the low-expressing Met allele of BDNF Val66Met. This is the first study that identifies a gene-environment interaction that significantly contributes to guilt proneness in adolescents, with potential implications for developmental psychopathology.

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Anterior Insula Volume and Guilt

Cited by 39 publications

References 68 publications

Early socioemotional competence, psychopathology, and latent class profiles of reparative prosocial behaviors from preschool through early adolescence

Early socioemotional competence, psychopathology, and latent class profiles of reparative prosocial behaviors from preschool through early adolescence

Depression and Anxiety in Preschoolers

Shame and Guilt-Proneness in Adolescents: Gene-Environment Interactions

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