Antenatal Diagnosis of Adrenocortical Hyperplasia

Cathro, D. M.; Bertrand, J; Coyle, M. G.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(69)91735-8

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…While our results do not necessarily imply a causal relation, there is evidence to suggest that fetal, rather than placental, factors determine the rate of oestrogen production. Urinary oestrogens are low in pregnancies with anencephaly (Liggins, 1970) and high in those with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (Cathro et al, 1969), demonstrating both the importance of fetal adrenal size and a substantial reserve capacity for placental conversion of 16~-hydroxy dehydroepiandrosterone (DHAS) to 0,. The lack of control over oestrogen production by a normal placenta is further indicated by the absence of a correlation between placental size and either urinary oestrogens (Coyle and Brown, 1963) or total blood 0, (Masson, 1973~).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Third Trimester Unconjugated Serum Oestriol Levels in Normal and Hypertensive Pregnancy: Relation to Birth Weight

Hardy

Humeida

Bahuri

et al. 1981

BJOG

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Summary In 100 normal singleton pregnancies and in 44 patients with pregnancy hypertension (pre‐eclampsia) linear regression analyses demonstrated highly significant positive correlations between birth weights and late third trimester maternal serum unconjugated oestriol (O3) levels. Correlation coefficients increased, though not significantly, after standardising birth weights according to maternal size, parity and sex of infant. Pregnancy hypertension was classified according to the duration of clinical signs. In 23 patients with short duration pregnancy hypertension (onset 14 days or less before delivery) neither maternal age nor birth weight differed from normal controls. Mid‐pregnancy weights were greater and unconjugated O3 levels lower and only one infant was growth retarded. Twenty one patients with long duration pregnancy hypertension (onset more than 14 days before delivery) were found on average to be heavier at mid‐pregnancy and older than those in whom the condition was short‐lived. Unconjugated O3 levels in patients with long duration hypertension were significantly below those in the short duration group. One third of infants born following long duration hypertension were growth retarded.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Third Trimester Unconjugated Serum Oestriol Levels in Normal and Hypertensive Pregnancy: Relation to Birth Weight

Hardy

Humeida

Bahuri

et al. 1981

BJOG

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“…Hyperplastic adrenals are present in some fetuses with severe Rhesus isoimmunization (Potter & Craig 1976) and high oestriol excretion is often associated with this condition even when fetus and placenta are not heavy (Klopper & Stephenson 1966). A direct association with oestrogen excretion above the 95th centile has been shown in one fetus with adrenocortical hyperplasia (Cathro et al 1969).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High oestrogen excretion in pregnancy

McFadyen

Worth

Wright

et al. 1982

BJOG

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Fifty-one women with singleton pregnancies whose urinary oestrogen excretion was above the 95th centile of the hospital's reference range on two or more occasions were reviewed. The women did not differ from the general population in race, parity, age, height or weight gain during pregnancy, but they were slightly heavier. Fetal and placental weights were greater than the corresponding values in the general population, as were the volumes of urine containing the oestrogen, but none of these differences was sufficient to account for oestrogen excretion above the 95th centile. Eleven patients has a glucose tolerance test, two of them had abnormal results and nine had normal results but heavy babies. Patterns of oestrogen excretion did not identify a high-risk population but the women with consistently high excretion gave birth to eight of the nine babies that weighed >4 kg in this population. Twenty-two of the women had 23 subsequent pregnancies in which oestrogen excretion was measured: excretion was normal in 17, low in two and above the 95th centile in four.

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“…The different levels of pregnanetriol in amniotic fluid in the cases reported may be a reflexion of a similar process in utero. Cathro et al (1969) described a case with a 21-hydroxylase deficiency which was associated with abnormally high excretion of oestriol in maternal urine, presumably due to excess androgen production by the fetal adrenal. Nichols and Gibson (1969) were unable to confirm these findings since they recorded normal oestrogen excretion in a woman whose fetus was subsequently shown to have a similar deficiency of 21-hydroxylase activity.…”

Section: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasiamentioning

confidence: 99%