Ante mortem diagnosis of human rabies using saliva samples: Comparison of real time and conventional RT-PCR techniques

Nagaraj, T.; Vasanth, Joel P; Desai, Anita; Kamat, Anupa; Madhusudana, Shampur Narayan; Ravi, Vasanthapuram

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2006.01.009

Cited by 75 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This assay has high sensitivity and specificity enabling simultaneous amplification and quantification of MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y ZOOTECNIA http://dx.doi.org/10.21615/cesmvz.12.2.5 specific nucleic acid sequences that made it exceptional for diagnosis for this infectious agent 69,70 . Real time PCR was compared to conventional RT-PCR to analyze saliva samples from 21 suspected patients and found that the sensitivity was superior (75% vs. 37%) to that offered by RT-PCR 71 .…”

Section: Real Time Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bat Reservoirs for Rabies Virus and Epidemiology of Rabies in Colombia: a review

Jiménez

Lopéz

García

2017

Ces. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease caused by a neurotropic RNA virus part of the family Rhabdoviridae. The disease is characterized by encephalitic inflammation and is responsible for a number of annual fatal deaths of people and animals in the world. Chiropters such as insectivorous, frugivorous and hematophagous bats are the major transmitters, reservoirs, and vectors of the rabies virus. In Colombia, a total of thirty-five cases of human rabies occurred between 2000 -2014. Of the thirty-five cases twenty-two were transmitted by bats. The genetic variant V3 (hematophagous bats) were responsible for 24 human deaths, while the genetic variant V4, carried by insectivorous bats, caused three human deaths. The disease is mainly linked to infected cats that may have hunted infected bats and then transmitted the virus to humans. Diagnosis is usually made by detection of the virus from infected animals and techniques such as RT-PCR, which might be used to promote active surveillance in bat populations. Rabies is a preventable disease and vaccination of pets confers protective immunity, however, vaccination coverage of pets in Colombia is still limited. This review article collects epidemiological data of rabies virus genetic variants associated with chiropters species that have been reported to transmit the virus in the world and emphasizes on rabies cases reported in Colombia during the last decades. Keywords: Chiroptera, genetic variants, Rhabdoviridae, zoonotic diseases. ResumenLa rabia es una enfermedad zoonóticas mortal causada por un virus ARN neurotrópico de la familia Rhabdoviridae. La enfermedad se caracteriza por encefalitis y es responsable de múltiples muertes anuales de personas y animales. Quirópteros insectívoros, frugívoros y hematófagos son los principales transmisores, reservorios y vectores del virus. En Colombia, un total de 35 casos de rabia humana fueron reportados entre 2000-2014, veintidós de ellos fueron transmitidos por murciélagos. La variante genéti-ca V3 (murciélagos hematófagos) fue responsable de 24 muertes humanas, mientras que la variante genética V4 (murciélagos insectívoros) causó tres muertes humanas. La enfermedad es transmitida al humano principalmente

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Section: Real Time Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bat Reservoirs for Rabies Virus and Epidemiology of Rabies in Colombia: a review

Jiménez

Lopéz

García

2017

Ces. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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“…Many studies carried out to develop and validate of RT-qPCR for diagnosis of rabies in human (Nagaraj et al, 2006;Wacharapluesadee et al, 2008;Nadin-Davis et al, 2009). Whereas, very few independent single test based studies are carried out on animal rabies diagnosis especially in Indian sub content (Gupta et al, 2001;Jayakumar et al, 2003;Praveen et al, 2007;Kaw et al, 2011).…”

Section: Issn: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 6 (2017) Pp 1222-1228mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total RNA from brain tissue was extracted by TRIZOL method as described by Nagaraj et al (2006). In Brief, 50-100 mg of brain tissue was homogenized in 1 ml of Trizol-LS reagent (Invitrogen, USA).…”

Section: Isolation Of Rnamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Assessment of Seller's Staining Test (SST), Direct Fluorescent Antibody Test and Real Time PCR for Diagnosis of Rabies in Dogs

Pharande¹,

Majee²,

Bannalikar³

et al. 2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…To confirm the results of direct fluorescent antibody test, nested RT-PCR specific for N gene was performed on extracted RNA using a protocol by Nagaraj et al with minor modifications [21] using gene specific primers ( Table 1). The first-round PCR was performed using a onestep Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) kit (Qiagen) and the second-round PCR was carried out using a PCR Master Mix (Fermentas Inc., Maryland, USA) as per the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Nested Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous interferon prolongs survival of rabies infected mice

et al. 2015

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Rabies is an acute viral infection that causes encephalomyelitis in almost all warm blooded animals and is invariably fatal once the clinical signs appear. The present study was carried out to assess the effect of recombinant human interferon alpha (rhIFN a-2A) treatment on the survival of rabies infected mice and its correlation with cytokines expression. The gene expression of TNF-a and IL-6 was measured by SYBR Green Real Time PCR for two groups-''Pre-exposure'' (mice were inoculated with rhIFN a-2A prior to rabies infection) and ''Post-exposure'' (mice were inoculated with rhIFN a-2A post rabies virus infection). Delayed mortality was observed in interferon treated infected groups. In addition, statistically significant decrease (P \ 0.0001) in the expression of TNF-a and IL-6 was observed, both in the pre-exposure and post-exposure groups. These findings indicate that modulation of cytokine secretion using exogenous biologicals such as rhIFN may offer novel therapeutic approaches to treat diseases such as rabies.

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Ante mortem diagnosis of human rabies using saliva samples: Comparison of real time and conventional RT-PCR techniques

Cited by 75 publications

References 22 publications

Bat Reservoirs for Rabies Virus and Epidemiology of Rabies in Colombia: a review

Bat Reservoirs for Rabies Virus and Epidemiology of Rabies in Colombia: a review

Comparative Assessment of Seller's Staining Test (SST), Direct Fluorescent Antibody Test and Real Time PCR for Diagnosis of Rabies in Dogs

Exogenous interferon prolongs survival of rabies infected mice

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