Exogenous interferon prolongs survival of rabies infected mice

Mehta, Shraddha; Roy, Soumen; Mukherjee, Sandeepan; Yadav, Narayan Prasad; Patel, Nikita; Chowdhary, Abhay

doi:10.1007/s13337-015-0269-5

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Treatment with recombinant human interferon alpha (rhIFN a¡2A) in rabies infected mice resulted in delayed mortality and significantly reduced expression of TNF-a and IL-6 both in the pre-exposure and post-exposure groups. These findings suggested that regulation of cytokine secretion using exogenous cytokines may offer novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of rabies (Mehta et al 2015). Recombinant RABVs expressing the NanoLuc luciferase (NanoLuc) system facilitates screening of small molecules for inhibition of RABV infection (Anindita et al 2016).…”

Section: Theraputic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies – epidemiology, pathogenesis, public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control: a comprehensive review

Singh

Cherian

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

202

182

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Rabies is a zoonotic, fatal and progressive neurological infection caused by rabies virus of the genus Lyssavirus and family Rhabdoviridae. It affects all warm-blooded animals and the disease is prevalent throughout the world and endemic in many countries except in Islands like Australia and Antarctica. Over 60,000 peoples die every year due to rabies, while approximately 15 million people receive rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) annually. Bite of rabid animals and saliva of infected host are mainly responsible for transmission and wildlife like raccoons, skunks, bats and foxes are main reservoirs for rabies. The incubation period is highly variable from 2 weeks to 6 years (avg. 2-3 months). Though severe neurologic signs and fatal outcome, neuropathological lesions are relatively mild. Rabies virus exploits various mechanisms to evade the host immune responses. Being a major zoonosis, precise and rapid diagnosis is important for early treatment and effective prevention and control measures. Traditional rapid Seller's staining and histopathological methods are still in use for diagnosis of rabies. Direct immunofluoroscent test (dFAT) is gold standard test and most commonly recommended for diagnosis of rabies in fresh brain tissues of dogs by both OIE and WHO. Mouse inoculation test (MIT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are superior and used for routine diagnosis. Vaccination with live attenuated or inactivated viruses, DNA and recombinant vaccines can be done in endemic areas. This review describes in detail about epidemiology, transmission, pathogenesis, advances in diagnosis, vaccination and therapeutic approaches along with appropriate prevention and control strategies.

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Section: Theraputic Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies – epidemiology, pathogenesis, public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control: a comprehensive review

Singh

Cherian

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

202

182

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“…Elevated TNF-α and IL-6 levels are found in the serum and the cerebrospinal fluid of patients and have been correlated with disease severity and mortality in cases of JE, Parkinson syndrome, and Alzheimer disease [49,50] . The downregulation of TNF-α genes has also been reported during protection elicited by recombinant human IFN-α-2a treatment in a urine model of rabies [51] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Confers Neuroprotection in a Murine Model of Japanese Encephalitis

Kulkarni

Mukherjee²,

Pandey³

et al. 2016

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Objective: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a debilitating disease caused by infection with the JE virus (JEV; family: Flaviviridae), which leaves neurological sequelae in survivors but more often leads to mortality. Neurodegeneration caused by inflammation is the primary pathology behind the clinical manifestation of encephalitis caused by JEV. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been used in immunoprophylaxis for tuberculosis and in the adjuvant therapy of many malignancies, and has exhibited neuroprotective activities in experimental models of Parkinson and Alzheimer disease. This study aimed at assessing the neuroprotective role of BCG in a murine model of JE. Methods: Suckling mice were inoculated with 10⁶ CFU of BCG and at 18 days postinoculation were challenged with 100 LD₅₀ of JEV. PBS-inoculated mice were used as controls. Mice were sacrificed on days 2, 4, 6, and 8. Brain tissue was homogenized for RNA extraction. One-step real-time RT-PCR was performed to assess the relative gene expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS. Results: The BCG-inoculated (BCG+JEV) group exhibited a significant delay in the presentation of neuropathological symptoms, longer survival, and a downregulation in the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS on days 2, 4, and 6 post-JEV challenge compared to the JEV group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the administration of BCG offers neuroprotection in the murine model of JE. BCG should therefore be further investigated as an adjuvant in the management of JE. BCG is an accepted vaccine for tuberculosis in many countries that are endemic for JEV. This approach may have a significant impact on the public health burden in these countries.

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“…The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of giving exogenous cytokines to influence the endogenous cytokines. This approach of treatment could mild the symptoms, delay the death and increase the number of survivals [85] , [86] . The development of NanoLuc luciferase (NanoLuc) molecules enabled screening of intracellular molecules which can inhibit RABV infection.…”

Section: Advances In Rabies Prevention and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in rabies prophylaxis and treatment with emphasis on immunoresponse mechanisms

El-Sayed

2018

International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine

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Rabies is a vaccine-preventable fatal disease in man and most mammals. Although rabies is recorded in 150 territories and is responsible for at least 60,000 human deaths every year worldwide, it is a neglected tropical problem. Most of the rabies free countries are considered to be fragile free as the disease may re-emerge easily through wild mammals. For the performance of effective rabies eradication programs, a complex set of strategies and activities is required. At the time, a joint project of WHO–OIE–FAO which was announced in 2015, plans to control animal–human–ecosystems rabies interface. For effective rabies control, prophylactic policies must be applied. These include various educational outreaches for farmers and people living in endemic areas, enforced legislation for responsible dog ownership, control programs for the free-ranging stray dog and cat populations, field large-scale vaccination campaigns, and the development of new vaccine delivery strategies for both humans and animals. The present work presents the advances in the development of new safe, effective and economic vaccines for domestic dogs, and oral vaccines for the control of the disease in wild animals. It presents also some therapeutic protocols used for the treatment of patients.

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Exogenous interferon prolongs survival of rabies infected mice

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Rabies – epidemiology, pathogenesis, public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control: a comprehensive review

Rabies – epidemiology, pathogenesis, public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control: a comprehensive review

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Confers Neuroprotection in a Murine Model of Japanese Encephalitis

Advances in rabies prophylaxis and treatment with emphasis on immunoresponse mechanisms

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