Antagonistic modulatory influences of negative affect on cognitive control: Reduced and enhanced interference resolution capability after the induction of fear and sadness

Melcher, Tobias; Obst, Katrin; Mann, Andreas; Paulus, Christine; Gruber, Oliver

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2012.01.012

Cited by 25 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Emotional stimuli were found to enhance (Birk, Dennis, Shin, & Urry, 2011;Dennis & Chen, 2007;Hu, Bauer, Padmala, & Pessoa, 2012;Melcher, Obst, Mann, Paulus, & Gruber, 2012), disrupt (Hart, Green, Casp, & Belger, 2010;Lichtenstein-Vidne, Henik, & Safadi, 2012;Padmala, Bauer, & Pessoa, 2011) or have no effect on EC (Cohen, Henik, & Mor, 2011;Cohen, Henik, & Moyal, 2012;Cohen, Mor, & Henik, 2014). The discrepancy between these studies may be related to the fact that some of them report the influence of emotional stimuli on the congruity effect (i.e., RT for incongruent minus RT for congruent trials) and do not report the influence of emotional stimuli on each of the task conditions separately .…”

mentioning

confidence: 69%

Explicit vs. implicit emotional processing: The interaction between processing type and executive control

Cohen

Moyal

Lichtenstein-Vidne

et al. 2015

Cognition and Emotion

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The current study examined whether the interaction between emotion and executive control (EC) is modulated by the processing type of the emotional information. Namely, whether the emotional information is explicitly processed, implicitly processed or passively viewed. In each trial, a negative or neutral picture preceded an arrow-flanker stimulus that was congruent or incongruent. Incongruent stimuli are known to recruit EC. Explicit processing of the pictures (Experiment 1a), which required responding to their emotional content, resulted in emotional interference for congruent but not for incongruent stimuli. Similar effects were shown for the passive viewing condition (Experiment 2). In contrast, implicit processing (Experiment 1b), which required responding to non-emotional content, resulted in emotional interference for both congruent and incongruent stimuli. Thus, our findings indicate that implicit emotional processing affects performance independently of EC recruitment. In contrast, explicit emotional processing and passive viewing of emotional pictures lead to reduced emotional interference when EC is recruited.

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mentioning

confidence: 69%

Explicit vs. implicit emotional processing: The interaction between processing type and executive control

Cohen

Moyal

Lichtenstein-Vidne

et al. 2015

Cognition and Emotion

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“…We manipulated one positive (amused) and two negative (anxious and sad) mood states. Anxious and sad mood, while both of negative valence, might constitute qualitatively different emotions with different adaptive functions for the organism (e.g., Izard, 2007;LeDoux, 2012;Melcher, Obst, Mann, Paulus, & Gruber, 2012), and hence might have differential effects on cognitive control processes. The three mood states (amused, anxious, and sad) were induced between subjects in the present study.…”

Section: Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mood states influence cognitive control: the case of conflict adaptation

Schuch

Koch

2014

Psychological Research

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Conflict adaptation can be measured by the "congruency sequence effect", denoting the reduction of congruency effects after incongruent trials (where response conflict occurs) relative to congruent trials (without response conflict). Recently, it has been reported that conflict adaptation is larger in negative mood than in positive mood (van Steenbergen et al., Psychological Science 21:1629-1634, 2010). We conducted two experiments further investigating this important finding. Two different interference paradigms were applied to measure conflict adaptation: Experiment 1 was a Flanker task, Experiment 2 was a Stroop-like task. To get as pure a measure of conflict adaptation as possible, we minimized the influence of trial-to-trial priming effects by excluding all kinds of stimulus repetitions. Mood states were induced by presenting film clips with emotional content prior to the interference task. Three mood states were manipulated between subjects: amused, anxious, and sad. Across both interference paradigms, we consistently found conflict adaptation in negative, but not in positive mood. Taken together with van Steenbergen et al. (Psychological Science 21:1629-1634, 2010) findings, the results suggest that the negative-mood-triggered increase in conflict adaptation is a general phenomenon that occurs independently of the particular mood-induction procedure and interference paradigm involved.

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“…From an evolutionary perspective, depressed affect is expected to promote a high level of attentional 'focusedness' in order to conserve resources following a situation where there has been harm or loss (Melcher et al, 2012;Andrews et al, 2007). Therefore, depressed affect can be seen as having evolved to deal with challenging problems that require a focused attentional state and low distractibility (Watson & Andrews, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on previous studies it is expected that sadness will influence executive control by narrowing attention (e.g., Gasper & Clore, 2002;Melcher et al, 2012), reducing the amount of interference from neighbouring distractor items.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of induced sadness and moderate depression on attention networks

Bellaera

Mühlenen

2016

Cognition and Emotion

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This study investigates how sadness and minor/moderate depression influences the three functions of attention: alerting, orienting, and executive control using the attention network test. The aim of the study is to investigate whether minor to moderate depression is more similar to sadness or clinical depression with regards to attentional processing. It was predicted that both induced sadness and minor to moderate depression will influence executive control by narrowing spatial attention and in turn this will lead to less interference from the flanker items (i.e., less effects of congruency) due to a focused attentional state. No differences were predicted for alerting or orienting functions. The results from the two experiments, the first inducing sadness (Experiment 1) and the second measuring subclinical depression (Experiment 2), show that, as expected, participants who are sad or minor to moderately depressed showed less flanker interference compared to participants who were neither sad nor depressed. This study provides strong evidence, that irrespective of its aetiology, sadness and minor/moderate depression have similar effects on spatial attention. Sadness and Attention Networks

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Antagonistic modulatory influences of negative affect on cognitive control: Reduced and enhanced interference resolution capability after the induction of fear and sadness

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

Explicit vs. implicit emotional processing: The interaction between processing type and executive control

Explicit vs. implicit emotional processing: The interaction between processing type and executive control

Mood states influence cognitive control: the case of conflict adaptation

The effect of induced sadness and moderate depression on attention networks

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