Ant-based efficient energy and balanced load routing approach for optimal path convergence in MANET

Karmel, A.; Vijayakumar, V.; Radhakrishnan, Kapilan

doi:10.1007/s11276-019-02080-w

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Results indicated that the proposed protocol reduces 22% out of the network delay and 14% out of the lost packets compared to the state of art. In [68] ACO was used to introduce a routing protocol called A-EEBLR based ACO for selecting the next hop using some metrics including delay, energy drain rate, congestion, link quality through which the optimal path is formed. The results indicated that the A-EEBLR outperformed the state of art.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elephant Herding Optimization Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing Protocol for MANET

Sarhan

2021

IEEE Access

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Energy consumption always represents a challenge in the ad hoc networks which spurred the researchers to benefit from the bio-inspired algorithms and their fitness functions to evaluate nodes energy through the path discovery stage. In this paper we propose energy efficient routing protocol based on the well-known Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) routing protocol and a bio-inspired algorithm called Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO). In the proposed EHO-AOMDV the overall consumed energy of nodes is optimized by classifying nodes into two classes, while paths are discovered from the class of the fittest nodes with sufficient energy for transmission to reduce the probability of path failure and the increasing number of dead nodes through higher data loads. The EHO updating operator updates classes based on separating operator that evaluates nodes based on residual energy after each transmission round. Experiments were conducted using Ns-3 with five evaluation metrics routing overhead, packet delivery ratio, average energy consumption, end-to-end delay and number of dead nodes and four implemented protocols the proposed protocol , AOMDV and two bio-inspired protocols ACO-FDRPSO and FF-AOMDV. Results indicated that the proposed EHO-AOMDV attained higher packet delivery ratio with less routing overhead, average energy consumption and number of dead nodes over the state of art while in the end-to-end delay AOMDV has outperformed the proposed protocol.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elephant Herding Optimization Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing Protocol for MANET

Sarhan

2021

IEEE Access

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“…ACO based RPs in MANETS have issues in balancing loads and using their energy efficiently. The study [8] proposed A-EEBLR selection of the next hop node based on energy usage, delays, and link quality and traffic congestions.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Energy Efficient Qos Routing Protocol Based On Red Deer Algorithm In MANET

Arivarasan¹

2021

TURCOMAT

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MANETs (Mobile ad hoc networks) are overloaded with their heavy usage choking traffic. Recent studies have been attempting to find feasibility of routes in these networks. Most proposed schemes have failed to consider the network traffic or MANET requirements. MANET routing done by RPs (Routing Protocols) would perform better when they adhere to QoS (Quality of Service) or application requirements. As a result, RPs must satisfy numerous QoS metrics at a time where soft computing algorithm based RPs are a solution to QoS routing problems. Evolutionary algorithm based routing do not achieve enough energy efficiency which is a major drawback. To overcome this drawback, this work, proposes Red Deer algorithm (RDA) based energy efficient QoS routing for MANETs called (RDA-EQRP). The proposed RDA based routing algorithm discovers the shortest path from a source to a destination which can consumes less energy while supporting the metrics such of reliability, bandwidth, SRC (Static Resource Capacity), Quality and delay. Simulation results show that proposed rotting scheme RDA-EQRP consumes lesser energy in MANET routing.

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“…Retransmission of RTS is triggered by the sending node if CTS is not received before the expected time expires 6 . Until the retransmission count reaches its maximum, retransmission of frame continues (control frames max retry 7; data frames max retry 4) after which the frame is dropped.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retransmission of RTS is triggered by the sending node if CTS is not received before the expected time expires. 6 Until the retransmission count reaches its maximum, retransmission of frame continues (control frames max retry 7; data frames max retry 4) after which the frame is dropped. In a wireless network environment, this kind of drop is recognized as frame drop and further, it is renowned as the route failure at the network layer level.…”

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confidence: 99%

An energy‐efficient priority‐based packet scheduling mechanism for enhancing quality of service in mobile ad hoc network

Bhavadharini¹,

Karthik²,

Sabitha

2021

Concurrency and Computation

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In today's world, a mobile ad hoc network plays a predominant role for numerous applications such as education, entertainment, emergency services, tactical services, and home applications. The performance of IEEE 802.11 based wireless ad hoc networks degrades due to high contention for the shared medium among multiple ad hoc nodes.However, the shared medium can be accessed by multiple nodes, which causes link collisions and packet drop at the link level. These kinds of packet drops have a direct impact on the overall performance of the transmission control protocol (TCP). In this article, a new robust prioritized packet scheduling with adaptive backoff window (PPSAB) mechanism has been proposed to enhance the quality of service of TCP in the wireless scenario. In order to determine the congestion in the network, the proposed PPSAB mechanism anticipates the cross-layer parameters instead of transport layer parameters. The proposed access scheme assures minimized collisions and energy by setting the node level access to prevailing network parameters. The performance of the proposed PPSAB has been evaluated using an NS-2 environment and the results manifest that the normalized overhead is reduced by 20% and network throughput is increased by 17% than the existing methods. K E Y W O R D Senergy consumption, mobile ad hoc network, prioritized packet scheduling, quality of service INTRODUCTIONThe rapid development of wireless communication demands uninterrupted network connectivity among the communicating. Typically, mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is the collection of self-organizing and self-configuring mobile nodes which is not dependent on any stable and central coordinating infrastructure. The mobility of the nodes makes the topology of the network changes dynamically and the nodes may join and leave the network at any instance. 1 IEEE 802.11 ascertains single-hop reliability at medium access control (MAC) layer in MANETs.Two types of medium access techniques are generally utilized in IEEE 802.11. The first method, the distributed coordinated function enables the data flow among communicating devices while requiring no control infrastructure. Second, point coordinated function in which a central coordinator controls access to the shared wireless channel. 2,3 The basic channel access method exploited in distributed coordinated function is carrier sense multiple access collision and avoidance by the nodes. Every time, the shared channel is sensed by the node before data transmission and the node can transmit data if the medium is free or defer transmission until the medium becomes free.

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Ant-based efficient energy and balanced load routing approach for optimal path convergence in MANET

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Elephant Herding Optimization Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing Protocol for MANET

Elephant Herding Optimization Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing Protocol for MANET

An Energy Efficient Qos Routing Protocol Based On Red Deer Algorithm In MANET

An energy‐efficient priority‐based packet scheduling mechanism for enhancing quality of service in mobile ad hoc network

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