“…Three out of five in the top tier also belong to the BBIN Working Group: Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal. As stated above, to meet the geopolitical and economic imperatives presented by the rise of China and its willingness to lead the region, India has taken the opportunity that the pandemic has created to support its significant partners and boost its regional leadership and soft power to even the scales against China (Amorim and Silva 2014;Manzi and Lima 2021). Acting as the "first responder to a health crisis", New Delhi adopted two primary responses: first, it revived the SAARC as the leading forum to formulate a regional action plan to fight the pandemic, and second it relied on bilateral pacts such as the BBIN, to help its neighbors by providing testing kits, medical equipment, and vaccines.…”