Anomalous Surface Fatigue in a Nano‐Layered Material

Yang, Liu; Czajkowsky, Daniel M.; Sun, Jian; Hu, Jun; Shao, Zongshu

doi:10.1002/adma.201401906

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The spring constants of the cantilevers were determined from measurements of the resonance frequency and were within 20% of the manufacturer’s suggested values. As in previous work 38 39 , we monitored the adhesion force to identify any changes in the tip size during the experiments. Throughout these experiments, the adhesion force was unchanged, consistent with a constant tip size and shape during these experiments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscopic characterization of the water vapor-salt interfacial layer reveals a unique biphasic adsorption process

Yang

Shen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Our quantitative understanding of water adsorption onto salt surfaces under ambient conditions is presently quite poor owing to the difficulties in directly characterizing this interfacial layer under these conditions. Here we determine the thickness of the interfacial layer on NaCl at different relative humidities (RH) based on a novel application of atomic force spectroscopy and capillary condensation theory. In particular, we take advantage of the microsecond-timescale of the capillary condensation process to directly resolve the magnitude of its contribution in the tip-sample interaction, from which the interfacial water thickness is determined. Further, to correlate this thickness with salt dissolution, we also measure surface conductance under similar conditions. We find that below 30% RH, there is essentially only the deposition of water molecules onto this surface, typical of conventional adsorption onto solid surfaces. However, above 30% RH, adsorption is simultaneous with the dissolution of ions, unlike conventional adsorption, leading to a rapid increase of surface conductance. Thus, water adsorption on NaCl is an unconventional biphasic process in which the interfacial layer not only exhibits quantitative differences in thickness but also qualitative differences in composition.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscopic characterization of the water vapor-salt interfacial layer reveals a unique biphasic adsorption process

Yang

Shen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] There is a great interest in the development of field emission (FE) cathodes, photodetectors and logic devices using 1D and 2D nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, ZnO, LaB 6 , In 2 Se 3, MoS 2 , SnS 2 , CdS and Bi 2 S 3 . 12,14-24 Two dimensional graphene and its inorganic analogues transition metal di-chalcogenides (TMDCs) are important for planar device technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,14-24 Two dimensional graphene and its inorganic analogues transition metal di-chalcogenides (TMDCs) are important for planar device technology. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The lead bismuth selenide (PbBi 2 Se 4 ) nanosheet, an intergrowth compound, which contains septuple layers each of approximately ~1.3 nm thick and composed of seven covalently bonded atomic planes [Se 2 -Bi-Se1-Pb-Se1-Bi-Se 2 ] [25][26][27][28][29][30] Owing to its superior electrical conductivity, narrow band gap (~0.6 eV) and high mobility of ~ 155 cm 2 V -1 s -1 at room temperature, the ultrathin PbBi 2 Se 4 has potential to be used in next generation nanoelectronic photosensitive devices. The temperature dependent electrical transport properties of PbBi 2 Se 4 nanosheets have been demonstrated in our recent work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low frequency noise and photo-enhanced field emission from ultrathin PbBi₂Se₄ nanosheets

et al. 2016

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“…However, when the same recipe and the same EBL setting were tested on a silicon substrate (washed with acetone, isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and deionised (DI) water and dried with a nitrogen gun), the optical image showed that the pattern was deposited and developed successfully, with four different pattern areas with varying exposure doses (20,30,40,50 μC/cm 2 ) (see Figure 7.3). In order to solve this issue and improve the adhesion between the mica and the resist, an extra adhesion layer was deposited on the mica substrate prior to the application of the resist.…”

Section: The Problem Of the Adhesion Between The Mica And The Resist Layer Or Any Other Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Mica as an Ultra-Flat Substrate for Studying Mechanically Exfoliated Graphene

Alshaikh¹

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Silicon dioxide (SiO2) is a common support for studying two-dimensional materials and creating devices from them. However, graphene conformation to SiO2 roughness worsens the electronic properties, whereas graphene deposited on flat terraces of insulating mica is free of ripples. This thesis solves key challenges in the use of mica to support mechanically exfoliated graphene. Methods of mica cleavage and graphene exfoliation, and settings for electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy were developed. Vacuum annealing was compared for graphene samples of different thicknesses, down to a single layer. Pre- and post-annealing, graphene on mica provided defect-free graphene and no observable strain or doping. In contrast, graphene on SiO2 showed disorder before annealing. Annealing up to 300°C reduced the Raman defect peak but did not remove it. Above 300°C, the defect peak increased. Graphene on SiO2 appeared to become ‘invisible’ with AFM after annealing at 500°C, in line with previous observations with scanning electron microscopy. Other studies attributed this to the graphene being removed, but, here, using substrate markers, Raman spectroscopy and line-averaged AFM showed that the graphene was still present but had conformed to the underlying roughness of the SiO2 so well as to appear nearly invisible. Mica annealed at 400°C showed the formation of potassium carbonate particles following dehydroxylation of the mica surface at a temperature lower than previously reported. In addition, the graphene appeared to act as a mask, protecting the mica underneath it while the surrounding surface was removed at 500°C. Patterning and etching mica are essential to create location grids and etch trenches to suspend deposited materials. The first patterning lithography recipe for mica was established herein using electron-beam lithography. Finally, mechanically exfoliated graphene was successfully transferred to the patterned mica and studied.

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Anomalous Surface Fatigue in a Nano‐Layered Material

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Nanoscopic characterization of the water vapor-salt interfacial layer reveals a unique biphasic adsorption process

Nanoscopic characterization of the water vapor-salt interfacial layer reveals a unique biphasic adsorption process

Low frequency noise and photo-enhanced field emission from ultrathin PbBi₂Se₄ nanosheets

Mica as an Ultra-Flat Substrate for Studying Mechanically Exfoliated Graphene

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Anomalous Surface Fatigue in a Nano‐Layered Material

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Nanoscopic characterization of the water vapor-salt interfacial layer reveals a unique biphasic adsorption process

Nanoscopic characterization of the water vapor-salt interfacial layer reveals a unique biphasic adsorption process

Low frequency noise and photo-enhanced field emission from ultrathin PbBi2Se4 nanosheets

Mica as an Ultra-Flat Substrate for Studying Mechanically Exfoliated Graphene

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Low frequency noise and photo-enhanced field emission from ultrathin PbBi₂Se₄ nanosheets