Anomalous effects of dense matter under rotation

Abstract

We study the anomaly induced effects of dense baryonic matter under rotation. We derive the anomalous terms that account for the chiral vortical effect in the low-energy effective theory for light Nambu-Goldstone modes. The anomalous terms lead to new physical consequences, such as the anomalous Hall energy current and spontaneous generation of angular momentum in a magnetic field (or spontaneous magnetization by rotation). In particular, we show that, due to the presence of such anomalous terms, the ground state of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) under sufficiently fast rotation becomes the "chiral soliton lattice" of neutral pions that has lower energy than the QCD vacuum and nuclear matter. We briefly discuss the possible realization of the chiral soliton lattice induced by a fast rotation in noncentral heavy ion collisions.

Anomalous currents and constitutive relations of a chiral hadronic superfluid

“…A vorticity dependent term survives nonetheless in the number densities, agreeing with similar contributions found in Ref. [58] using a different physical approach. As for the axial-vector global currents, they contain chiral separation effects associated with the electric and magnetic fields, as well as the vorticity.…”

Anomaly-Induced Inhomogeneous Phase in Quark Matter without the Sign Problem

“…We demonstrate that a class of QCD-like theories free of the sign problem features the nonuniform Chiral Soliton Lattice (CSL) phase [7], previously shown to exist in QCD itself [8,9]. This state is a remarkable manifestation of the chiral anomaly, and requires subjecting quark matter to a magnetic field or to global rotation [10]; see also Ref. [11] for closely related recent work.…”

Chiral magnetic effect in the hadronic phase

“…(See also Refs. [69,70] for related works.) Although we have limited ourselves to a free pion gas in Sec.…”