“…Since the 2000s, studies have indicated the existence of seasonal patterns in the month of January in the Ibovespa index (Santos, Famá, Trovão, & Mussa, 2007) and also in a sample of portfolios weighted by value, in which returns in January tended to be higher than in other months (Torres, Bonomo, & Fernandes, 2002). Among the companies belonging to the Corporate Governance Index (Índice de Governança Corporativa -IGC) of the B3 exchange, no indications were observed of temporal patterns in the month of January (Carvalho & Malaquias, 2012). In a more recent study, the January effect was revealed and it was also found that it is more intense the more the negative return in the month of December increases (A. S. Potin, S. Potin, Cunha, & Bortolon, 2015).…”