Annular and Septal Doppler Tissue Imaging in Children: Normal z-Score Tables and Effects of Age, Heart Rate, and Body Surface Area

Roberson, David A.; Cui, Wei; Chen, Zhe; Madronero, Luisa F.; Cuneo, Bettina F.

doi:10.1016/j.echo.2007.02.023

Cited by 92 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Despite the nonlinear relationship between most Doppler velocities and age, most authors have so far relied on simple linear regression to express predicted mean velocities or Z scores. 2,[11][12][13][14]17,18 Furthermore, although we observed significant heteroscedasticity for most measured parameters, we found no studies where the SD was modeled or weighed to adjust for its variation according to growth. When these 2 important aspects are unaccounted for, one could expect normalized measurements or Z scores with significant residual heteroscedasticity or residual association growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Of the many available nomograms, 12 studies were performed on >100 participants. 1,2,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Most of them, but not all, 11,15,16,20 have reported an association with Doppler velocities and growth or age. Despite the nonlinear relationship between most Doppler velocities and age, most authors have so far relied on simple linear regression to express predicted mean velocities or Z scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reference Values for Pulse Wave Doppler and Tissue Doppler Imaging in Pediatric Echocardiography

Dallaire

Slorach

Wang

et al. 2015

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Subjects from age 1 to 18 years, without heart disease, were prospectively recruited for this study from local schools, as volunteers and Background-In pediatric echocardiography, pulse wave Doppler, and tissue Doppler imaging velocities are widely used to assess cardiac function. Current reference values and Z scores, allowing adjustment for growth are limited by inconsistent methodologies and small sample size. Using a standardized approach for parametric modeling and Z score quality assessment, we propose new pediatric reference values and Z score equations for most left ventricular pulse wave Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging measurements. Methods and Results-Two hundred thirty-three healthy pediatric subjects 1 to 18 years of age were prospectively recruited.Thirteen pulse wave Doppler and 14 tissue Doppler imaging measurements were recorded. Normalization for growth was done via a complete and standardized approach for parametric nonlinear regression modeling. Several analyses were performed to ensure adequate Z score distribution and to detect potential residual associations with growth or residual heteroscedasticity. Most measurements adopted a nonlinear relationship with growth and displayed significant heteroscedasticity. Compared with age, height, and weight, normalization for body surface area was most efficient in removing the effect of growth. Generally, polynomial and allometric models yielded adequate goodness-of-fit. Residual values for several measurements had significant departure from the normal distribution, which could be corrected using logarithmic or reciprocal transformation. Overall, weighted parametric nonlinear models allowed us to compute Z score equations with adequate normal distribution and without residual association with growth. Conclusions-We present Z scores for normalized pulse wave Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging in pediatric echocardiography. Further studies are needed to define the threshold beyond which health becomes a disease by integrating other important factors such as ventricular morphology, loading conditions, and heart rate. The Haycock equation was selected because of its closer correlation with echocardiographic measurements in children compared with other published estimations of BSA. 7 Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg) ÷ height (m 2 ) and was normalized for age and sex using the reference standard proposed by the World Health Organization. 8,9 The Institutional Research Ethics Board approved the study and written informed consent was obtained from each participant. Echocardiographic ExaminationWe used General Electric's Vivid 7 and E9 (GE, General Electric Corp, Wauwatosa, WI) ultrasound systems for all image acquisitions. The appropriate sectorial transducer was used, ranging from frequencies of 4 to 12 MHz depending on subject age and size. The participants were examined at rest while in the left lateral position during sinus rhythm. All echocardiographic images were acquired using a strictly standardized echocardiographic functional ...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference Values for Pulse Wave Doppler and Tissue Doppler Imaging in Pediatric Echocardiography

Dallaire

Slorach

Wang

et al. 2015

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[25][26][27] Moreover, TDI time intervals correlate well with pulsed Doppler blood flow intervals in children. 28,29 However, there was poor agreement between time intervals and the S:D ratio measured by M-mode versus TDI in the DCM population, which may result from the local versus global nature of the measurements, different frame rates, perhaps different subintervals included in the systolic period, and other factors. Likewise, the BlandAltman plot of diastolic duration suggests that the difference between TDI and M-mode decreases as the average increases, and that for the S:D ratio increases with increasing S:D magnitude.…”

Section: Measurement Of S:d Ratio From Tdimentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Implications of the Systolic to Diastolic Duration Ratio in Children With Idiopathic or Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Mondal

Slorach

Manlhiot

et al. 2014

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

All children, 0 to 18 years of age, registered in the pediatric heart failure database with a diagnosis of idiopathic, genetic, or familial DCM and who received their initial echocardiogram at our institution Background-Childhood dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) carries high morbidity and mortality. The echocardiographic systolic to diastolic (S:D) duration ratio, an indicator of global cardiac performance, is elevated in DCM; however, its prognostic implications have not been investigated in this population. Methods and Results-We investigated systolic and diastolic durations and the resultant S:D ratio using pulsed tissue Doppler imaging in children with idiopathic or familial DCM. We studied serial echocardiograms from presentation until the last follow-up echo. Results were compared with heart rate-matched controls and between DCM subgroups based on an acute or insidious presentation. The association between S:D ratio and death or need for transplant was analyzed. All analyses were adjusted for repeated measures per patient. We studied 200 serial echocardiograms of 48 children with DCM (7.0±6.0 years) and 25 controls. Adjusted for repeated measures through a compound symmetry covariance structure, the S:D ratio was higher in DCM patients (−0.425 [0.072]; P<0.001) because of shortened diastole. A S:D ratio >1.2 at presentation and on serial evaluation was associated with a hazard ratio of 10.5 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-27.8; P<0.001) for death or transplant. In combined multivariable analysis, a S:D ratio >1.2 remained significantly associated with hazard of death/transplant (hazard ratio, 9.1; P=0.04) after adjustment for ejection fraction (hazard ratio: 2.2 per −10%; P<0.001). Conclusions-A high S:D ratio is associated with increased risk for death or need for transplant in children with DCM across the spectrum of heart rates and may be a useful prognostic index for serial evaluation of children with DCM.(Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;7:773-780.)

show abstract

“…4,5) The TAPSV, measured by pulsed wave-TDI, has become an index for right ventricular systolic function in children. [6][7][8] However, a cut-off TAPSV value as a predictor of impaired right ventricular systolic function in children is a controversial topic. Previous studies reported that a TAPSV < 11.5 cm/s or < 10.5 cm/s was able to predict impaired right ventricular systolic function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5) TAPSV, measured by pulsed wave-tissue Doppler imaging (pulsed wave-TDI), has been suggested as a good quantitative parameter of right ventricular systolic function in children. [6][7][8] A few more recent studies have shown that TAPSV may be a reproducible index of right ventricular systolic function in patients with corrected congenital heart disease, 9) including repaired TOF. 10) Thus far, few reports have focused on evaluating risk factors for late right ventricular systolic dysfunction after correction of TOF through non-invasive examination.…”

Section: T Etralogy Of Fallot (Tof) Is the Most Common Cyanoticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Late Right Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Pediatric Patients With Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot

Ji¹,

Mei²,

Wang³

et al. 2015

Int. Heart J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryTo evaluate independent risk factors for late right ventricular systolic dysfunction after correction of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in a single-centre, retrospective and observational clinical trial.Patients less than 3 years of age who underwent correction of TOF and subsequently routine clinical follow-up of more than 36 months were included in this study and were divided either into an experimental group (right ventricular systolic dysfunction) or a control group (normal right ventricular systolic function) according to the tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity (TAPSV) value measured by pulsed wave-tissue Doppler imaging (pulsed wave-TDI). The relevant data of all selected patients were investigated and analyzed.From January 2012 to December 2012, a total of 113 consecutive eligible patients were enrolled in this study and were divided either into an experimental group (n = 41) or control group (n = 72). Through univariate analysis and subsequent logistic regression, low preoperative arterial oxygen saturation (OR = 1.66, 95%CI 1.22-4.58, P = 0.0163), age less than 6 months at the time of surgery (OR = 3.45, 95%CI 1.87-9.17, P = 0.0021), and transannular patch (OR = 2.15, 95%CI 1.31-5.38, P = 0.0015) were 3 independent risk factors for late right ventricular systolic dysfunction after correction of TOF.This clinical trial suggested low preoperative arterial oxygen saturation was associated with late right ventricular systolic dysfunction after correction of TOF, and appropriate age at the time of surgery and selection of a proper surgical method to reconstruct the right ventricular outflow tract contributed to improving late right ventricular systolic function in pediatric patients with repaired TOF. (Int Heart J 2015; 56: 80-85)

show abstract

Annular and Septal Doppler Tissue Imaging in Children: Normal z-Score Tables and Effects of Age, Heart Rate, and Body Surface Area

Cited by 92 publications

References 18 publications

Reference Values for Pulse Wave Doppler and Tissue Doppler Imaging in Pediatric Echocardiography

Reference Values for Pulse Wave Doppler and Tissue Doppler Imaging in Pediatric Echocardiography

Prognostic Implications of the Systolic to Diastolic Duration Ratio in Children With Idiopathic or Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Risk Factors for Late Right Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Pediatric Patients With Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About