Annual cycle of energy balance of Zongo Glacier, Cordillera Real, Bolivia

Wagnon, Patrick; Ribstein, Pierre; Francou, Bernard; Pouyaud, Bernard

doi:10.1029/1998jd200011

Cited by 147 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Climatic factors such as temperature, precipitation, and solar short-wave radiation determine the altitude of the snow line and thus the glacier extent. As presented by Wagnon et al [1999], net all-wave radiation is the main source of energy at the glacier surface; among that solar radiation is the largest positive term. An important peculiarity of tropical glaciers is that the contribution of the latent heat flux to the energy balance is very high and that this energy flux shows a pronounced seasonality, with strong sublimation rates during the dry season and low ones during the humid …”

Section: Climatic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this region, the maximum ablation and accumulation on the glaciers occur during the rainy season (from October through March), whereas for midlatitude glaciers ablation and accumulation seasons are distinct [i.e., Ribstein et al, 1995;Wagnon et al, 1999]. Climatic factors such as temperature, precipitation, and solar short-wave radiation determine the altitude of the snow line and thus the glacier extent.…”

Section: Climatic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence on a Sajama volcano glacier (Bolivia) from 1963 to 1998 as seen from Landsat data and aerial photography

Arnaud¹,

Muller²,

Vuille³

et al. 2001

J. Geophys. Res.

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Section: Climatic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Climatic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence on a Sajama volcano glacier (Bolivia) from 1963 to 1998 as seen from Landsat data and aerial photography

Arnaud¹,

Muller²,

Vuille³

et al. 2001

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…This fact, together with convective cloud cover, probably explains the successive negative mass balances and the glacier retreat on Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania (Hastenrath 2001), in the "Cordillera Blanca" in Peru between 1930and 1950(Kaser and Georges 1997 and between 1950 and 2000 (Pouyaud et al 2005), and by glaciers in Bolivia (Wagnon et al 1999a(Wagnon et al , 1999b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in most studies, variation in the energy balance of tropical glaciers is dominated by net shortwave radiation, which is related to albedo, one of the variables controlling melting (Wagnon et al 1999a(Wagnon et al , 1999b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical mass balance modelling of South American tropical glaciers: case study of Antisana volcano, Ecuador

Manciati¹,

Villacís

Taupin

et al. 2014

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Most Latin American glaciers are located in the tropical Andes. The melting processes of Glacier "15" on Antisana volcano were studied to understand the relationship between glacier retreat and natural climate variability and global climate change. Glaciers on the Antisana volcano are crucial sources of water as they feed the headwater rivers that supply Quito with potable water. The aim of this study was to build empirical models based on multiple correlations to reconstruct the mass loss of glaciers over a period of 10 years at three scales: local (data recorded by meteorological stations located around the volcano), regional (data from stations located around the country) and global (re-analysis data). Data quality was checked using graphical and statistical methods. Several empirical models based on multiple correlations were created to generate longer time series (42 and 115 years) of the mass balance for the glacier ablation zone. The long mass balance series were compared with the temperature variation series of the Earth's surface in the Southern Hemisphere to estimate the relation between the mass balance and global warming. Our results suggest that the meteorological factors that best correlate with mass balance are temperature and wind.Key words Ecuador; Andes; Antisana volcano; glacier; ablation zone mass balance; empirical models Modélisation empirique du bilan de masse des glaciers tropicaux d'Amérique du Sud: cas du volcan Antisana, Equateur Résumé La plupart des glaciers d'Amérique latine sont situées dans les Andes tropicales. Les processus de fusion du glacier « 15 » sur le volcan Antisana ont été étudiés pour comprendre la relation entre le recul des glaciers et la variabilité naturelle du climat et / ou le changement climatique mondial. Les glaciers situés sur le volcan Antisana sont des ressources en eau essentielles car ils alimentent les rivières qui fournissent l'eau potable de Quito. L'objectif de cette étude était de construire des modèles empiriques sur la base de corrélations multiples afin de reconstituer la perte de masse des glaciers sur une période de dix ans à trois échelles : locale (données enregistrées par les stations météorologiques situées autour du volcan), régionales (données provenant de stations situées dans le pays) et mondiale (données de réanalyse). La qualité des données a été vérifiée à l'aide de méthodes graphiques et statistiques. Plusieurs modèles empiriques basés sur les corrélations multiples ont été créés pour générer des séries plus longues (42 et 115 ans) du bilan de masse de la zone d'ablation du glacier. La longue série de bilans de masse a été comparée à la courbe de variation de la température de surface de la Terre dans l'hémisphère Sud pour estimer la relation entre le bilan de masse et le réchauffement climatique. Nos résultats suggèrent que les facteurs météorologiques présentant la meilleure corrélation avec le bilan de masse sont la température et le vent.

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“…[5] The EB characteristics of glacier surfaces in the tropics have been established by the detailed studies of Wagnon et al [1999aWagnon et al [ , 1999bWagnon et al [ , 2001] on the glaciers Zongo and Illimani in the Bolivian Cordillera Real. In East Africa, EB investigations are limited to the efforts of Hastenrath and coworkers, who performed measurements on Lewis Glacier, Mount Kenya, in 1977/1978, which are summarized by Hastenrath [1984].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ablation and associated energy balance of a horizontal glacier surface on Kilimanjaro

2004

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[1] The surface energy balance of a glacier describes the physical connection between ice/snow ablation and climatic forcing. To expand knowledge on the response of Kilimanjaro's glaciers to climate variations, this study estimates the energy balance on a horizontal glacier surface at the summit for the periods March to September 2000 and March 2001 to February 2002. An automatic weather station (AWS) operating at 5794 m above sea level provides the data input, and ablation at the AWS site differed considerably between the two periods. The energy balance model employed incorporates radiative fluxes, turbulent heat fluxes, and the energy flux in the subsurface. On a monthly basis, results show that radiative energy dominates energy exchanges at the glacier-atmosphere interface, governed by the variation in net shortwave radiation. The turbulent latent heat flux, which is always negative (i.e., continuous mass loss due to sublimation), is the second important energy flux. In contrast, turbulent exchange of sensible heat remains of minor importance. The marked difference in ablation between the two periods can largely be explained by a difference in surface albedo. Albedo depends on precipitation amount and frequency and directly controls net shortwave radiation receipt. In the context of modern glacier retreat on Kilimanjaro the results support other evidence that Kilimanjaro's glaciers are extremely sensitive to precipitation variability.

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Annual cycle of energy balance of Zongo Glacier, Cordillera Real, Bolivia

Cited by 147 publications

References 29 publications

El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence on a Sajama volcano glacier (Bolivia) from 1963 to 1998 as seen from Landsat data and aerial photography

El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence on a Sajama volcano glacier (Bolivia) from 1963 to 1998 as seen from Landsat data and aerial photography

Empirical mass balance modelling of South American tropical glaciers: case study of Antisana volcano, Ecuador

Ablation and associated energy balance of a horizontal glacier surface on Kilimanjaro

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