Molecular spur gear dynamics with
high gearing fidelity can be
achieved through a careful selection of constituent molecular components
that favorably position and maintain the two gears in a meshed configuration.
Here, we report the synthesis of a new macrocyclic molecular spur
gear with a bibenzimidazole stator combined with a second naphthyl
bis-gold-phosphine gold complex stator to place two 3-fold symmetric
9,10-diethynyl triptycene cogs at the optimal distance of 8.1 Å
for gearing. Micro electron diffraction (μED) analysis confirmed
the formation of the macrocyclic structure and the proper alignment
of the triptycene cogs. Gearing dynamics in solution are predicted
to be extremely fast and, in fact, were too fast to be observed with
variable-temperature 1H NMR using CD2Cl2 as the solvent. A combination of molecular dynamics and metadynamics
simulations predict that the barriers for gearing and slippage are
ca. 4 kcal mol–1 and ca. 9 kcal mol–1, respectively. This system is characterized by enhanced gearing
fidelity compared to the acyclic analog. This is achieved by rigidification
of the structure, locking the two triptycenes in the preferred gearing
distance and orientation.