Anionic Antimicrobial Peptides

Phoenix, David A.; Dennison, Sarah Rachel; Harris, Frederick

doi:10.1002/9783527652853.ch3

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 186 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…On a structural basis, these HDPs can be grouped into the major families: defensins, cyclotides, 2S albumins, lipid transfer proteins, hevein-like proteins knotins, snakins, and glycine-rich proteins [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Most of these peptides are cationic (CHPDs), which facilitates theirtoxicity to target cells [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], but it is becoming increas-*Address correspondence to this author at the Vice Chancellor, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA; Tel: +44 (0) 20 7815 6001; Fax: +44 (0) 20 7815 6099; E-mail: phoenixd@lsbu.ac.uk ingly clear that plants also produce a number of anionic HDPs (AHDPs) with toxicity to pests, fungi, viruses, bacteria and cancer cells [13,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Currently, the structural / functional relationships underpinning the anticancer and other biological activities of plant AHDPs are poorly understood although, in most cases, the molecular architecture of these peptides has been elucidated [13,22,23,27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anionic Host Defence Peptides from the Plant Kingdom: Their Anticancer Activity and Mechanisms of Action

Harris¹,

Prabhu²,

Dennison³

et al. 2016

PPL

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Abstract:It is becoming increasingly clear that plants ranging across the plant kingdom produce anionic host defence peptides (AHDPs) with potent activity against a wide variety of human cancers cells. In general, this activity involves membrane partitioning by AHDPs, which leads to membranolysis and / or internalization to attack intracellular targets such as DNA. Several models have been proposed to describe these events including: the toroidal pore and Shai-Matsuzaki-Huang mechanisms but, in general, the mechanisms underpinning the membrane interactions and anticancer activity of these peptides are poorly understood. Plant AHDPs with anticancer activity can be conveniently discussed with reference to two groups: cyclotides, which possess cyclic molecules stabilized by cysteine knot motifs, and other ADHPs that adopt extended andhelical conformations. Here, we review research into the anticancer action of these two groups of peptides along with current understanding of the mechanisms underpinning this action.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anionic Host Defence Peptides from the Plant Kingdom: Their Anticancer Activity and Mechanisms of Action

Harris¹,

Prabhu²,

Dennison³

et al. 2016

PPL

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Antimicrobial Peptides: An Introduction

Haney

Mansour

Hancock

2016

Methods in Molecular Biology

230

180

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The "golden era" of antibiotic discovery has long passed, but the need for new antibiotics has never been greater due to the emerging threat of antibiotic resistance. This urgency to develop new antibiotics has motivated researchers to find new methods to combat pathogenic microorganisms resulting in a surge of research focused around antimicrobial peptides (AMPs; also termed host defense peptides) and their potential as therapeutics. During the past few decades, more than 2000 AMPs have been identified from a diverse range of organisms (animals, fungi, plants, and bacteria). While these AMPs share a number of common features and a limited number of structural motifs; their sequences, activities, and targets differ considerably. In addition to their antimicrobial effects, AMPs can also exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-biofilm, and anticancer activities. These diverse functions have spurred tremendous interest in research aimed at understanding the activity of AMPs, and various protocols have been described to assess different aspects of AMP function including screening and evaluating the activities of natural and synthetic AMPs, measuring interactions with membranes, optimizing peptide function, and scaling up peptide production. Here, we provide a general overview of AMPs and introduce some of the methodologies that have been used to advance AMP research.

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