Anion Recognition at the Liquid−Liquid Interface. Sulfate Transfer across the 1,2-Dichloroethane− Water Interface Facilitated by Hydrogen-Bonding Ionophores

Abstract

We report here the first observation of facilitated anion transfer across the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES). Complexation behavior between anions and neutral receptors via hydrogen bonding at the 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE)water interface is investigated.Complexation reactions at liquid-liquid interfaces play a fundamental role in biochemical systems such as transmembrane signaling 1 and enzymatic reactions 2 in biological membranes. They are also important in many technological systems from separation chemistry 3 to chemical sensors. 4 To analyze such interfacial complexation mechanisms, electrochemical ion transfer across ITIES facilitated by various ionophores is a useful technique and has been extensively investigated for cations. 5 However, no studies have been reported for anions despite their important role in vivo.Recently, a variety of neutral hydrogen-bonding receptors have been developed, 6 in mimicry of the binding structure of phosphaterecognition membrane proteins. 7 These artificial receptors, however, have been used only in bulk organic solvents except for some application studies. 6b,8 In this report hydrogen-bonding receptors, 1 and 2, 6e are used to study facilitated anion transfer across the DCE-water interface by electrolyte ascending electrode polarography. 9 Examination 10.

Proton transfer across liquid∣liquid interfaces facilitated by the disproportionation reaction of a lutetium bisphthalocyanine: A voltammetric study at the microinterfaces between water and nitrobenzene or 1,6-dichlorohexane

“…Ag + [7,8], Cu 2+ and even UO 2þ 2 [9]. Anion transfer also can be assisted by association with lipophilic cationic species, for example fluoride which binds to the tetraphenylantimony cation [10], or facilitated through hydrogen bonding with ionophores as published for chloride [11], sulfate [12] or phosphate ions [13]. These works are important for many fields of chemistry: extraction and separation processes, analytical applications such as sensors or biochemical models of membranes and of course for phase transfer catalysis.…”

Hydrodynamic voltammetry at the liquid–liquid interface: Application to the transfer of ionised drug molecules

“…where D/ i is the standard transfer potential of the ion i taken from several literature sources [11,[37][38][39][40], c i is the analytical concentration of the ion i and all the other symbols have been defined previously. Eq.…”

Development of an Anion Probe: Detection of Sulfate Ion by Two-Photon Fluorescence of Gold Nanoparticles

“…Neutral anion receptors are also known as indicators of sulfate species. [6][7][8] These receptors can overcome the disadvantages noted above because they form a complex with a target anion without any metal cation. They are highly sensitive and selective in non-aqueous solutions because the chromophore moiety changes its UV-visible absorption spectrum along with the complexation of the ionophore moiety with target ions via hydrogen bonds.…”