Anion Exchange Resins as Effective Sorbents for Removal of Acid, Reactive, and Direct Dyes from Textile Wastewaters

Abstract

Coloured wastewaters are a consequence of batch processes in both dye-manufacturing and dye-consuming industries. Dyes are widely used in a number of industries, such as textile and leather dyeing, food, cosmetics, paper printing, gasoline, with the textile industry as the largest consumer. Dyeing as a fundamental operation during textile fibre processing causes the production of more or less coloured wastewaters, depending on the degree of fixation of dyes on substrates, which varies with the nature of substances, desired intensity of coloration, and application method. Dye bearing effluents are considered to be a very complex and inconsistent mixture of many pollutants ranging from dyes, dressing substances, alkalis, oils, detergents, salts of organic and inorganic acids to heavy metals.Thus after dyeing wastewaters are characterized not only by intensive and difficult for removal colour but also by high pH, suspended and dissolved solids, chemical and biochemical oxygen demands. Ion exchange is a very versatile and effective tool for treatment of aqueous hazardous wastes including dyes. The role of ion exchange in dye effluents treatment is to reduce the magnitude of hazardous load by converting them into a form in which they can be reused, leaving behind less toxic substances in their places or to facilitate ultimate disposal by reducing the hydraulic flow of the stream bearing toxic substances. Another significant feature of the ion exchange process is that it has the ability to separate as well as to concentrate pollutants. Taking into account high capacity and selectivity of ion exchange resins for different dyes, they seem to be proper materials for dyes sorption from textile effluents. The aim of the paper is to study the removal of the acid, reactive and direct textile dyes such as C.I. Acid Orange 7, C.I. Reactive Black 5 and C.I. Direct Blue 71 on the commercially available anion exchangers (Lewatit Mono

Application of silica–alumina oxides of different compositions for removal of C.I. Reactive Black 5 dye from wastewaters

“…Inorganic electrolytes and surfactants such as NaCl and SDS are widely used in chemical treatment of fibres. Sodium chloride increases relatively low fixation of reactive dyes on cellulose fibres, whereas anionic surfactant SDS is applied as wetting, penetrating and dispersing agent in dyeing processes (Wawrzkiewicz and Hubicki, 2015). Therefore, the effect of the presence of above-mentioned auxiliaries on RB5 removal by SA96 (of the higher capacity towards the dye than that of SA3) in the 10 mg/l RB5-5-20 g/l NaCl and 10 mg/l RB5-0.1-1.0 g/l SDS systems was investigated.…”

“…For this purpose, many different types of adsorbents (both porous and non-porous) are used to separate dangerous molecules from the aqueous environment. The group of porous adsorbents includes activated carbons, silica gels, zeolites (natural and synthetic), anion exchangers, porous glasses and metal oxides (Bandura et al, 2015;Chalupnik et al, 2013;Nowicki, 2016;Nowicki et al, 2016, Wawrzkiewicz andHubicki, 2015).…”

Continuous Flow Removal of Anionic Dyes in Water by Chitosan-Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Incorporated in a Dextran Gel Column

“…Anionic exchange resins also possess adsorption capabilities for the removal of anionic dyes [40,41]. For the corresponding comparison experiments, different amounts of Amberlite ® -410 and Amberlite ® -900, which feature quaternary ammonium groups on the microbead surface, were incorporated in the same desalting column (Figure S7).…”

Water Treatment and Desalination

“…The widely used water softening case eliminates Ca2 + and Mg2+ ions with Na + or K + ions. In addition, ion exchange resins are furthermore used to hinder heavy metal such as mercury, lead, and arsenic [19][20][21].…”