Animal Models of Bone Disease-B

McGee‐Lawrence, Meghan E.; Secreto, Frank J.; Syed, Farhan

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415894-8.00017-8

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 236 publications

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“…( 3 ) Senile osteoporosis is caused by age‐related bone loss associated with decreased proliferation of osteogenic stem cells, which slows bone formation. ( 4,5 ) Elderly postmenopausal women are likely to have both etiologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regular Supplementation With Resveratrol Improves Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Wong

Zaw

Chen

et al. 2020

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol in red grapes and berries, can act as a phytoestrogen. It has been shown to improve both systemic and cerebral circulatory functions, possibly through activation of endothelial estrogen receptors. in vitro and in vivo studies in rodent models also indicate a bone-protective role for resveratrol, particularly in ovariectomized rat models that mimic postmenopausal osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency. Hypothesizing a circulatory benefit of resveratrol in bone tissue, we investigated whether resveratrol supplementation could improve bone health in postmenopausal women. The Resveratrol for Healthy Aging in Women (RESHAW) trial was a 24-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover intervention conducted to evaluate the effects of resveratrol (75 mg twice daily) on cognition, cerebrovascular function, bone health, cardiometabolic markers, and well-being in postmenopausal women. After 12 months of supplementation with resveratrol versus placebo, there were positive effects on bone density in the lumbar spine (+0.016 AE 0.003 g/cm 2) and neck of femur (+0.005 AE 0.002 g/cm 2), which were accompanied by a 7.24% reduction in C-terminal telopeptide type-1 collagen levels, a bone resorption marker, compared with placebo. The increase in bone mineral density in the femoral neck resulted in an improvement in T-score (+0.070 AE 0.018) and a reduction in the 10-year probability of major and hip fracture risk. The magnitude of improvement was higher in women with poor bone health biomarker status. Importantly, the improvement in femoral neck T-score with resveratrol correlated with improvement in perfusion. Our subanalysis also revealed that the bone-protective benefit of resveratrol was greater in participants who supplemented with vitamin D plus calcium. Regular supplementation with 75 mg of resveratrol twice daily has the potential to slow bone loss in the lumbar spine and femoral neck, common fracture sites in postmenopausal women without overt osteoporosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regular Supplementation With Resveratrol Improves Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Wong

Zaw

Chen

et al. 2020

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…The identic model of senile (old-age) osteoporosis should involve animals subject to bone loss as a function of their age, resulting in osteopenia and osteoporosis [31]. The animals with a longer life expectancy demonstrate a more pronounced osteoporosis than the animals with a short life expectancy [7].…”

Section: Modeling Senile Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Modeling of Osteoporosis in Animals

Dedukh

Yakovenchuk

Nikolchenko

2021

PJS

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Experimental studies on animals under conditions of osteopenia and osteoporosis modeling significantly expand the view of the mechanisms of primary and secondary osteoporosis development, help determining the effect of various factors affecting the bone tissue, evaluate the effect of medications, new biomaterials, etc. Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease; its clinical manifestations depend on a complex interplay of environmental, lifestyle and genetic factors. The review of the literature analyzes the data on the use of animals to assess the features of osteoporosis course when modeling this pathology by surgical and non-surgical methods. The article features the models of osteoporosis which are reproduced on rats and mice being the most accessible objects and the most frequently used by experimenters. The details of modeling the course of such types of osteoporosis as postmenopausal, senile, glucocorticoid-induced, testosterone deficiency (orchiectomy)-induced, immobilization, hypothermia, radiation-induced, etc. are explored. A specific aspect of recent advances in modeling osteoporosis is the creation of transgenic and knockout mice, whose models may be used to detect components of genetic lesions and will certainly contribute to the development of new methods of prevention and therapy of this severe pathology. The similarity and difference of experimental models of osteoporosis describing the pathophysiological changes in humans due to osteoporosis are noted. Emphasis is placed on bioethical norms of working with experimental animals.

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