Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in Congestive Heart Failure

Deedwania, Prakash

doi:10.1001/archinte.1990.00390200012003

Cited by 32 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…ACE inhibitors have beneficial effects on a number of such conditions, including reduction of left ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction 8 and mortality during and after acute myocardial infarction. 9 Both ACE inhibitors, as well as diuretics, markedly benefit patients with congestive heart failure, 10,11 and reduce left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients. 12 ACE inhibitors also have desirable renal effects including decreasing microalbuminuria 13 and reducing intraglomerular BP and glomerular fibrosis.…”

Section: Combination Drugs For Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling high blood pressure: A simple and effective approach

Freis

2001

Compr Ther

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Section: Combination Drugs For Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling high blood pressure: A simple and effective approach

Freis

2001

Compr Ther

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“…Pharmakokinetic characteristics of different ACE inhibitors are given in [22,23]. They are also used in the prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction [24,25] and in the management of cardiac arrhythmias [26]. They can decrease the progression of atherosclerosis, microalbuminuria and diabetic retinopathy, and produce a beneficial effect in patients with Bartter's syndrome [27].…”

Section: Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction Studies of ACE Inhibitors with Statins

Sattar¹

2015

Hypercholesterolemia

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Hypercholesterolemia 204 tissue distribution. All ACE inhibitors have a similar antihypertensive efficacy -they effectively block the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin II -and all have similar therapeutic indications, adverse effect profiles and contraindications. Mechanism of actionThese inhibitors block the converting enzyme of angiotensin, which is responsible for cleavage from angiotensin I, which is decapeptide, to angiotensin II, which is octapeptide [17,18], and lower the BP by reducing PVR (peripheral vascular resistance). They also decrease aldosterone secretion and the resulting sodium and water retention. PharmacokineticsThe oral bioavailability of ACE inhibitors ranges from 13% to 95% [19,20]. Most ACE inhibitors are administered as pro-drugs that remain inactive until esterified in the liver [21]. Pharmakokinetic characteristics of different ACE inhibitors are given in Therapeutic useACE inhibitors are effective in patients with mild to moderately severe hypertension, normal or low plasma renin activity, collagen vascular disease and cardiovascular disease [22,23]. They are also used in the prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction [24,25] and in the management of cardiac arrhythmias [26]. They can decrease the progression of atherosclerosis, microalbuminuria and diabetic retinopathy, and produce a beneficial effect in patients with Bartter's syndrome [27]. Adverse effectsACE inhibitors have a relatively low incidence of side effects and are well tolerated; however, dry cough is common, appearing in 10-30% of patients. This appears to be related to the elevation in bradykinin [28][29][30]. Hypotension is seen especially in patients with heart failure [31], angiooedema (life-threatening airway swelling and obstruction; 0.1-0.2% of patients) and hyperkalaemia. ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy, in the first trimester associated with a risk of major congenital malformations, particularly affecting the cardiovascular and central nervous systems [32]. The most common (≥1% of patients) adverse effects HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins)3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) are the most effective among all hypolipidaemic agents [50]. These lipid-lowering drugs are increasingly used for primary and secondary hindrance of cardiovascular disease [51]; they have only been recognized for treatment of hyperlipidaemia. In clinical studies, statins are highly effective in enhancing HDL levels while reducing total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and triglyceride levels.The normal treatment regimen for these drugs involves daily exposure over a period of many years [52,53]. They have also been examined in combination with cures of multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, Alzheimer's disease and dropping the superfluous increased occurrence in CHD in women on HRT treatment [54]. They have anti-thrombogenic, anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties [55,56]. These therapeutic properties are independent of lipid lowering [57], an...

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Improving Treatment Effectiveness in Hypertension

Freis¹

1999

Arch Intern Med

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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in Congestive Heart Failure

Cited by 32 publications

References 51 publications

Controlling high blood pressure: A simple and effective approach

Controlling high blood pressure: A simple and effective approach

Interaction Studies of ACE Inhibitors with Statins

Improving Treatment Effectiveness in Hypertension

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