Anesthetic agents and complications in Vietnamese potbellied pigs: 27 cases (1999–2006)

Trim, Cynthia M.; Braun, Christina

doi:10.2460/javma.239.1.114

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, the risk of severe hypothermia in dogs and cats, and hypotension in pigs were anesthesia-related, but only the risk of hypothermia was associated with the preoperative ASA PS. The lack of association between the risk of hypotension associated with anesthesia and ASA PS in pigs may be associated with the small number of pigs included in the analysis ( n = 27) ( 36 ). However, prospective studies with a large population would be necessary to confirm whether this is a true effect or type II error.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The findings of Trim and Braun ( 36 ) indicated that the risk of anesthesia-related hypotension was not significantly different between pigs with ASA PS ≥III and pigs with ASA PS <III (RR = 1.27; 95% CI = 0.54–2.96; P = 0.5864).…”

Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In veterinary medicine, to the authors' knowledge, one of the first prospective publications mentioning the association between the ASA PS classification and the anesthesia-related risk of death was from Clarke and Hall ( 19 ). Since then, several studies associating the ASA PS to anesthesia-related risk of death were published for dogs and cats ( 20 – 34 ), rabbits ( 24 , 35 ), pigs ( 36 ), and horses ( 37 , 38 ) with different outcomes and definitions. However, whether veterinary patients with a high ASA PS score are at an increased risk of death and development of complications associated with anesthesia remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ASA Physical Status Classification: What Is the Evidence for Recommending Its Use in Veterinary Anesthesia?—A Systematic Review

Portier

Ida

2018

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Background: The effectiveness of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status (PS) classification to identify the animals at a greater risk of anesthesia-related death and complications is controversial. In this systematic review, we aimed to analyze studies associating the ASA PS scores with the outcome of anesthesia and to verify whether there was any evidence for recommending the use of the ASA PS in veterinary patients.Methods: Research articles found through a systematic literature search were assessed for eligibility, and data were extracted and analyzed using random-effects analysis.Results: A total of 15 observational prospective and retrospective studies including 258,298 dogs, cats, rabbits, and pigs were included. The analysis found consistency between the studies showing that dogs, cats and rabbits with an ASA-PS ≥III had 3.26 times (95% CI = 3.04–3.49), 4.83 times (95% CI = 3.10–7.53), and 11.31 times (95% CI = 2.70–47.39), respectively, the risk of anesthesia-related death within 24 h (dogs) and 72 h (cats and rabbits) after anesthesia compared with those with an ASA PS

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The ASA Physical Status Classification: What Is the Evidence for Recommending Its Use in Veterinary Anesthesia?—A Systematic Review

Portier

Ida

2018

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…However, intravenous administration is difficult to perform on swine due to inaccessible superficial veins and thick subcutaneous fat layers [25]. For all ages and weights, the two most common methods for IV administration on farm include 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine in mature swine after intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral (PO) FM PK in mature swine. Appropriate pain management for lameness in swine is a critical control point for veterinarians and producers, but science-based guidance on optimal housing, management and treatment of lameness is deficient. Six mature swine (121–168 kg) were administered an IV, IM, or PO dose of flunixin meglumine at a target dose of 2.2 mg/kg in a cross-over design with a 10 day washout period between treatments. Plasma samples collected up to 48 hours post-administration were analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) followed by non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis.ResultsNo adverse effects were observed with flunixin meglumine administration for all routes. Flunixin meglumine was administered at an actual mean dose of 2.21 mg/kg (range: 2.05-2.48 mg/kg) IV, IM and PO. A mean peak plasma concentration (CMAX) for IM and PO administration was 3748 ng/ml (range: 2749–6004 ng/ml) and 946 ng/ml (range: 554–1593 ng/ml), respectively. TMAX was recorded at 1.00 hour (range: 0.50-2.00 hours) and 0.61 hours (range: 0.17-2.00 hours) after PO and IM administration. Half-life (T ½ λz) for IV, IM and PO administration was 6.29 hours (range: 4.84-8.34 hours), 7.49 hours (range: 5.55-12.98 hours) and 7.08 hours (range: 5.29-9.15 hours) respectively. In comparison, bioavailability (F) for PO administration was 22% (range: 11-44%) compared to IM F at 76% (range: 54-92%).ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggest that FM oral administration is not the most effective administration route for mature swine when compared to IV and IM. Lower F and Cmax of PO-FM in comparison to IM-FM suggest that PO-FM is less likely to be an effective therapeutic administration route.

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“…However, intravenous drug administration is difficult to perform on swine due to inaccessible superficial veins and thick subcutaneous fat layers. 1 For all swine, ages and weights, the two most common methods for intravenous administration include: (1) temporary catheterization 2 or (2) jugular vein injection using a 'blind-stick' approach (defined as drug administered without vein visualization 3,4 ). Blind-stick injection is unreliable as it is difficult to ensure that the drug is not administered extravascularly.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and refinement of a technique for short-term intravascular auricular vein catheter placement in mature sows

et al. 2013

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Intravenous drug administration in adult swine is difficult to perform due to inaccessible superficial veins and thick subcutaneous fat layers. However, successful intravenous drug administration is critical for many biomedical applications including pharmacokinetic studies as extravascular drug administration can influence the drug's absorption and elimination rate. The purpose of this study was to develop and refine an effective technique for indwelling auricular vein catheter placement in the conscious mature sow. We developed a protocol using a topical anesthetic cream and minimal physical restraint to place indwelling catheters in the auricular vein of six multiparous sows. This method was quick (3 min 20 s AE 8 s [mean AE SE per catheter]), effective (11/12 catheters successfully placed) and reliable, allowing a large drug volume (20-22 mL) to be administrated successfully during the trial without relying on prolonged restraint or general anesthesia of the sow.

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Anesthetic agents and complications in Vietnamese potbellied pigs: 27 cases (1999–2006)

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

The ASA Physical Status Classification: What Is the Evidence for Recommending Its Use in Veterinary Anesthesia?—A Systematic Review

The ASA Physical Status Classification: What Is the Evidence for Recommending Its Use in Veterinary Anesthesia?—A Systematic Review

Pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine in mature swine after intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration

Development and refinement of a technique for short-term intravascular auricular vein catheter placement in mature sows

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